240. Seifan M, Samani AK, Berenjian A (2017) New insights into the role of pH and aeration in
the bacterial production of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
101:3131–3142
241. Okwadha GDO, Li J (2010) Optimum conditions for microbial carbonate precipitation.
Chemosphere 81:1143–1148
242. Krajewska B (2018) Urease-aided calcium carbonate mineralization for engineering applications: a review. J Adv Res 13:59–67
243. Declet A, Reyes E, Suraz OM (2016) Calcium carbonate precipitation: a review of the
carbonate crystallization process and applications in bioinspired composites. Rev Adv Mater
Sci 44:87–107
244. Loewenthal RE, Marais GVR (1976) Carbonate chemistry of aquatic systems: theory and
application, vol 1. Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor
245. Ferris FG, Phoenix V, Fujita Y, Smith RW (2004) Kinetics of calcite precipitation induced by
ureolytic bacteria at 10 to 20
C in artificial groundwater. Geochim Cosmochim Acta
67:1701–1710
246. Dupraz S, Menez B, Gouze P, Leprovost R, Benezeth P, Pokrovsky OS, Guyot F (2009)
Experimental approach of CO 2 biomineralization in deep saline aquifers. Chem Geol
265:54–62
247. Stabnikov V, Jian C, Ivanov V, Li Y (2013) Halotolerant, alkaliphilic urease-producing
bacteria from different climate zones and their application for biocementation of sand.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol 29:1453–1460
248. Mitchell AC, Ferris FG (2005) The coprecipitation of Sr into calcite precipitates induced by
bacterial ureolysis in artificial groundwater: temperature and kinetics dependence. Geochim
Cosmochim Acta 69:4199–4210
249. De Muynck W, Verbeken K, De Belie N, Verstraete W (2013) Influence of temperature on the
effectiveness of a biogenic carbonate surface treatment for limestone conservation. Appl
Microbiol Biotechnol 97:1335–1347
250. Revertegat E, Richet C, Gegout P (1992) Effect of pH on the durability of cement pastes. Cem
Concr Res 22:259–272
251. Silver S, Toth K, Scribner H (1975) Facilitated transport of calcium by cells and subcellular
membranes of Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 122:880–885
252. Hammes F, Boon N, de Villiers J, Verstraete W, Siciliano SD (2003) Strain-specific ureolytic
microbial calcium carbonate precipitation. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:4901–4909
253. Nemati M, Greene EA, Voordouw G (2005) Permeability profile modification using
bacterially formed calcium carbonate: comparison with enzymic option. Process Biochem
40:925–933
254. Wang JY, Van Tittelboom K, De Belie N, Verstraete W (2010) Potential of applying bacteria
to heal cracks in concrete. In: Zachar J, Claisse P, Naik TR, Ganjian E (eds) 2nd international
conference on sustainable construction materials and technologies. 2010 June 28–30, Ancona,
Italy. UWM Center for By-Products Utilization, Milwaukee, pp 1807–1818
255. Somani RS, Patel KS, Mehta AR, Jasra RV (2006) Examination of the polymorphs and
particle size of calcium carbonate precipitated using still effluent (i.e. CaCl + NaCl Solution)
of soda ash manufacturing process. Ind Eng Chem Res 45:5223–5230
256. Bentz DP, Ardani A, Barrett T, Jones SZ, Lootens D, Peltz MA, Sato T, Stutzman PE,
Tanesi J, Weiss WJ (2015) Multi-scale investigation of the performance of limestone in
concrete. Constr Build Mater 70:1–10
257. Spanos N, Koutsoukos PG (1998) The transformation of vaterite to calcite: effect of the
conditions of the solution in contact with the mineral phase. J Cryst Growth 191:783–790
258. Kawaguchi T, Decho AW (2002) A laboratory investigation of cyanobacterial extracellular
polymeric secretion (EPS) in influencing CaCO 3 polymorphism. J Cryst Growth 240:230–235
259. Ferrer MR, Quevedo-Sarmiento J, Bejar V, Delgado R, Ramos-Cormenzana A, Rivadeneyra
MA (1988) Calcium carbonate formation by Deleya halophila: effect on salt concentration and
incubation temperature. Geomicrobiol J 6:49–57
Alkaliphiles: The Emerging Biological Tools Enhancing Concrete Durability
341
the bacterial production of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
101:3131–3142
241. Okwadha GDO, Li J (2010) Optimum conditions for microbial carbonate precipitation.
Chemosphere 81:1143–1148
242. Krajewska B (2018) Urease-aided calcium carbonate mineralization for engineering applications: a review. J Adv Res 13:59–67
243. Declet A, Reyes E, Suraz OM (2016) Calcium carbonate precipitation: a review of the
carbonate crystallization process and applications in bioinspired composites. Rev Adv Mater
Sci 44:87–107
244. Loewenthal RE, Marais GVR (1976) Carbonate chemistry of aquatic systems: theory and
application, vol 1. Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor
245. Ferris FG, Phoenix V, Fujita Y, Smith RW (2004) Kinetics of calcite precipitation induced by
ureolytic bacteria at 10 to 20
C in artificial groundwater. Geochim Cosmochim Acta
67:1701–1710
246. Dupraz S, Menez B, Gouze P, Leprovost R, Benezeth P, Pokrovsky OS, Guyot F (2009)
Experimental approach of CO 2 biomineralization in deep saline aquifers. Chem Geol
265:54–62
247. Stabnikov V, Jian C, Ivanov V, Li Y (2013) Halotolerant, alkaliphilic urease-producing
bacteria from different climate zones and their application for biocementation of sand.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol 29:1453–1460
248. Mitchell AC, Ferris FG (2005) The coprecipitation of Sr into calcite precipitates induced by
bacterial ureolysis in artificial groundwater: temperature and kinetics dependence. Geochim
Cosmochim Acta 69:4199–4210
249. De Muynck W, Verbeken K, De Belie N, Verstraete W (2013) Influence of temperature on the
effectiveness of a biogenic carbonate surface treatment for limestone conservation. Appl
Microbiol Biotechnol 97:1335–1347
250. Revertegat E, Richet C, Gegout P (1992) Effect of pH on the durability of cement pastes. Cem
Concr Res 22:259–272
251. Silver S, Toth K, Scribner H (1975) Facilitated transport of calcium by cells and subcellular
membranes of Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 122:880–885
252. Hammes F, Boon N, de Villiers J, Verstraete W, Siciliano SD (2003) Strain-specific ureolytic
microbial calcium carbonate precipitation. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:4901–4909
253. Nemati M, Greene EA, Voordouw G (2005) Permeability profile modification using
bacterially formed calcium carbonate: comparison with enzymic option. Process Biochem
40:925–933
254. Wang JY, Van Tittelboom K, De Belie N, Verstraete W (2010) Potential of applying bacteria
to heal cracks in concrete. In: Zachar J, Claisse P, Naik TR, Ganjian E (eds) 2nd international
conference on sustainable construction materials and technologies. 2010 June 28–30, Ancona,
Italy. UWM Center for By-Products Utilization, Milwaukee, pp 1807–1818
255. Somani RS, Patel KS, Mehta AR, Jasra RV (2006) Examination of the polymorphs and
particle size of calcium carbonate precipitated using still effluent (i.e. CaCl + NaCl Solution)
of soda ash manufacturing process. Ind Eng Chem Res 45:5223–5230
256. Bentz DP, Ardani A, Barrett T, Jones SZ, Lootens D, Peltz MA, Sato T, Stutzman PE,
Tanesi J, Weiss WJ (2015) Multi-scale investigation of the performance of limestone in
concrete. Constr Build Mater 70:1–10
257. Spanos N, Koutsoukos PG (1998) The transformation of vaterite to calcite: effect of the
conditions of the solution in contact with the mineral phase. J Cryst Growth 191:783–790
258. Kawaguchi T, Decho AW (2002) A laboratory investigation of cyanobacterial extracellular
polymeric secretion (EPS) in influencing CaCO 3 polymorphism. J Cryst Growth 240:230–235
259. Ferrer MR, Quevedo-Sarmiento J, Bejar V, Delgado R, Ramos-Cormenzana A, Rivadeneyra
MA (1988) Calcium carbonate formation by Deleya halophila: effect on salt concentration and
incubation temperature. Geomicrobiol J 6:49–57
Alkaliphiles: The Emerging Biological Tools Enhancing Concrete Durability
341