GLOSSARY
297
Indirect-injection engine: An older model of diesel engine in which
fuel is injected into a pre-chamber, partly combusted, and then
sent to the fuel-injection chamber.
Indirect liquefaction: Conversion of biomass to a liquid fuel
through a synthesis gas intermediate step.
Industrial wood: All commercial round wood products except fuel
wood.
Isopach: a line on a map designating points of equal formation
thickness.
J
Jet fuel: Fuel meeting the required properties for use in jet engines
and aircraft turbine engines.
Joule: Metric unit of energy, equivalent to the work done by a force
of one Newton applied over distance of one meter (= 1 kg m
2
/s
2
).
One joule (J) = 0.239 calories (1 calorie = 4.187 J).
K
Kerosene: A light middle distillate that in various forms is used as
aviation turbine fuel or for burning in heating boilers or as a
solvent, such as white spirit.
Kilowatt: (kW): A measure of electrical power equal to 1,000 watts.
1 kW = 3412 Btu/hr = 1.341 horsepower.
Kilowatt hour - (kWh): A measure of energy equivalent to the
expenditure of one kilowatt for one hour. For example, 1 kWh
will light a 100-watt light bulb for 10 hours. 1 kWh = 3412 Btu.
Kriging: A technique used in reservoir description for interpolation
of reservoir parameters between wells based on random field
theory.
L
Landfill gas: A type of biogas that is generated by decomposition of organic material at landfill disposal sites. Landfill gas is
approximately 50 percent methane. See also biogas.
Leaded gasoline: Gasoline containing tetraethyl lead or other
organometallic lead antiknock compounds.
Light petroleum: Petroleum having an API gravity greater than 20°.
Lignin: Structural constituent of wood and (to a lesser extent) other
plant tissues, which encrusts the walls and cements the cells
together.
297
Indirect-injection engine: An older model of diesel engine in which
fuel is injected into a pre-chamber, partly combusted, and then
sent to the fuel-injection chamber.
Indirect liquefaction: Conversion of biomass to a liquid fuel
through a synthesis gas intermediate step.
Industrial wood: All commercial round wood products except fuel
wood.
Isopach: a line on a map designating points of equal formation
thickness.
J
Jet fuel: Fuel meeting the required properties for use in jet engines
and aircraft turbine engines.
Joule: Metric unit of energy, equivalent to the work done by a force
of one Newton applied over distance of one meter (= 1 kg m
2
/s
2
).
One joule (J) = 0.239 calories (1 calorie = 4.187 J).
K
Kerosene: A light middle distillate that in various forms is used as
aviation turbine fuel or for burning in heating boilers or as a
solvent, such as white spirit.
Kilowatt: (kW): A measure of electrical power equal to 1,000 watts.
1 kW = 3412 Btu/hr = 1.341 horsepower.
Kilowatt hour - (kWh): A measure of energy equivalent to the
expenditure of one kilowatt for one hour. For example, 1 kWh
will light a 100-watt light bulb for 10 hours. 1 kWh = 3412 Btu.
Kriging: A technique used in reservoir description for interpolation
of reservoir parameters between wells based on random field
theory.
L
Landfill gas: A type of biogas that is generated by decomposition of organic material at landfill disposal sites. Landfill gas is
approximately 50 percent methane. See also biogas.
Leaded gasoline: Gasoline containing tetraethyl lead or other
organometallic lead antiknock compounds.
Light petroleum: Petroleum having an API gravity greater than 20°.
Lignin: Structural constituent of wood and (to a lesser extent) other
plant tissues, which encrusts the walls and cements the cells
together.