GLOSSARY
289
Catalyst selectivity: The relative activity of a catalyst with respect
to a particular compound in a mixture, or the relative rate in
competing reactions of a single reactant.
Cetane number: A measure of the ignition quality of diesel fuel;
the higher the number the more easily the fuel is ignited under
compression.
CFR: Code of Federal Regulations; Title 40 (40 CFR) contains the
regulations for protection of the environment.
Closed-loop biomass: Crops grown, in a sustainable manner, for
the purpose of optimizing their value for bioenergy and bioproduct uses. This includes annual crops such as maize and
wheat, and perennial crops such as trees, shrubs, and grasses
such as switch grass.
Cloud point: The temperature at which paraffin wax or other solid
substances begin to crystallise or separate from the solution,
imparting a cloudy appearance to the oil when the oil is chilled
under prescribed conditions.
Coal tar: The specific name for the tar (q.v.) produced from coal.
Coal tar pitch: The specific name for the pitch (q.v.) produced from
coal.
Coarse materials: Wood residues suitable for chipping, such as
slabs, edgings, and trimmings.
Coking: A thermal method used in refineries for the conversion of
bitumen and residua to volatile products and coke (see Delayed
coking and Fluid coking).
Completion: The installation of permanent equipment for the production of oil or gas.
Conformance: the uniformity with which a volume of the reservoir
is swept by injection fluids in area and vertical directions.
Conventional crude oil (conventional petroleum): Crude oit that
is pumped from the ground and recovered using the energy
inherent in the reservoir; also recoverable by application of
secondary recovery techniques.
Cord: A stack of wood comprising 128 cubic feet (3.62 m
3 ); standard
dimensions are 4 x 4 x 8 feet, including air space and bark. One
cord contains approx. 1.2 U.S. tons (oven-dry) = 2400 pounds =
1089 kg.
Cracking: A secondary refining process that uses heat and /or a
catalyst to break down high molecular weight chemical components into lower molecular weight products which can be used
as blending components for fuels.
289
Catalyst selectivity: The relative activity of a catalyst with respect
to a particular compound in a mixture, or the relative rate in
competing reactions of a single reactant.
Cetane number: A measure of the ignition quality of diesel fuel;
the higher the number the more easily the fuel is ignited under
compression.
CFR: Code of Federal Regulations; Title 40 (40 CFR) contains the
regulations for protection of the environment.
Closed-loop biomass: Crops grown, in a sustainable manner, for
the purpose of optimizing their value for bioenergy and bioproduct uses. This includes annual crops such as maize and
wheat, and perennial crops such as trees, shrubs, and grasses
such as switch grass.
Cloud point: The temperature at which paraffin wax or other solid
substances begin to crystallise or separate from the solution,
imparting a cloudy appearance to the oil when the oil is chilled
under prescribed conditions.
Coal tar: The specific name for the tar (q.v.) produced from coal.
Coal tar pitch: The specific name for the pitch (q.v.) produced from
coal.
Coarse materials: Wood residues suitable for chipping, such as
slabs, edgings, and trimmings.
Coking: A thermal method used in refineries for the conversion of
bitumen and residua to volatile products and coke (see Delayed
coking and Fluid coking).
Completion: The installation of permanent equipment for the production of oil or gas.
Conformance: the uniformity with which a volume of the reservoir
is swept by injection fluids in area and vertical directions.
Conventional crude oil (conventional petroleum): Crude oit that
is pumped from the ground and recovered using the energy
inherent in the reservoir; also recoverable by application of
secondary recovery techniques.
Cord: A stack of wood comprising 128 cubic feet (3.62 m
3 ); standard
dimensions are 4 x 4 x 8 feet, including air space and bark. One
cord contains approx. 1.2 U.S. tons (oven-dry) = 2400 pounds =
1089 kg.
Cracking: A secondary refining process that uses heat and /or a
catalyst to break down high molecular weight chemical components into lower molecular weight products which can be used
as blending components for fuels.