Eiken, O., Ringrose, P., Hermanrud, C., Nazarian, B., Torp, T.
A. and Høier, L. 2011. Lessons learned from 14 years of
CCS operations: Sleipner, In Salah and Snøhvit. Energy
Procedia 4, 5541–5548.
Elenius, M.T. and Gasda, S.E. 2013. Convective mixing in
formations with horizontal barriers. Advances in Water
Resources 62, 499–510.
Figueroa, J.D., Fout, T., Plasynski, S., McIlvried, H. and
Srivastava, R.D. 2008. Advances in CO 2 capture technology—The U.S. Department of Energy’s carbon sequestration program. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas
Control 2, 9–20.
Gao, Y., Liu, L. and Hu, W. 2009. Petrology and isotopic geochemistry of dawsonite-bearing sandstones in Hailaer basin,
northeastern China. Applied Geochemistry 24, 1724–1738.
Gaus, I., Azaroual, M. and Czernichowski-Lauriol, I. 2005.
Reactive transport modelling of the impact of CO 2 injection
on the clayey cap rock at Sleipner (North Sea). Chemical
Geology 217, 319–337.
Global CCS Institute. http://www.globalccsinstitute.com.
Hansen, O., Gilding, D., Nazarian, B., Osdal, B., Ringrose, P.,
Kristoffersen, J.-B., et al. 2013. Snøhvit: The history of
injection and storing 1 Mt CO 2 in the fluvial Tuba ˚en Fm.
Energy Procedia 37, 3565–3573.
Hellevang, H. and Aagaard, P. 2013. Can the long-term potential for carbonatization and safe long-term CO 2 storage in
sedimentary formations be predicted? Applied Geochemistry 39, 108–118.
Hellevang, H., Pham, V.H. and Aagaard, P. 2013. Kinetic
modeling of CO 2 -water-rock interactions. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 15, 3–15.
Hermanrud, C., Andresen, T., Eiken, O., Hansen, H., Janbu, A.,
Lippard, J., et al. 2009. Storage of CO 2 in saline aquifers—
lessons learned from 10 years of injection into the Utsira
Formation in the Sleipner area. Energy Procedia 1, 1997–2004.
IPCC. 2013. Climate change 2013: The physical science basis. In:
Stocker, T.F., Quin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen,
S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V. and Midgley,
P.M. (eds.), Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth
Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1535 pp.
Johnson, J.W., Nitao, J.J. and Knauss, K.G. 2004. Reactive
transport modeling of CO 2 storage in saline aquifers to
elucidate fundamental processes, trapping mechanisms and
sequestration partitioning. In: Bains, S.J. and Worden, R.H.
(eds.), Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide. Geological
Society Special Publication 233, pp. 107–128.
Kvamme, B. and Tanaka, H. 1995. Thermodynamic stability of
hydrates for ethane, ethylene, and carbon dioxide. Journal of
Physical Chemistry 99, 7114–7119.
Lu, J., Wilkinson, M., Haszeldine, R.S. and Fallick, A.E. 2009.
Long-term performance of a mudrock seal in natural CO 2
storage. Geology 37, 35–38.
Muller, N., Qi, R., Mackie, E., Pruess, K. and Blunt, M.J. 2009.
CO 2 injection impairment due to halite precipitation. Energy
Procedia 1, 3507–3514.
Pham, T.H.V., Maast, T.E., Hellevang, H. and Aagaard, P. 2011.
Numerical modeling including hysteresis properties for CO 2
storage in Tuba ˚en Formation, Snøhvit field, Barents Sea.
Energy Procedia 4, 3746–3753.
Rassenfoss, S. 2012. Increased oil production with something
old, something new. Journal of Petroleum Technology, Oct.
issue, 36–39.
Ringrose, P.S., Mathieson, A.S., Wright, I.W., Selama, F.,
Hansen, O., Bissell, R., et al. 2013. The In Salah CO 2 storage
project: lessons learned and knowledge transfer. Energy
Procedia 37, 6226–6236.
Sundal, A., Hellevang, H., Miri, R. and Aagaard, P. 2014. On
layer specific CO 2 plume distributions and variability in mineralization potential. Submitted to the Fourth EAGE CO 2
Geological Storage Workshop, Stavanger, April 23–25, 2014.
van Genuchten, M.Th. 1980. A closed-form equation for
predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils.
Soil Science Society of America Journal 44, 892–898.
Whittaker, S., Rostron, B., Hawkes, C., Gardner, C., White, D.,
Johnson, J., et al. 2011. A decade of CO 2 injection into
depleting oil fields: monitoring and research activities of
the IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO 2 monitoring and storage
project. Energy Procedia 4, 6069–6076.
Zabaloy, M.S., Vasquez, V.R. and Macedo, E.A. 2005. Viscosity of pure supercritical fluids. Journal of Supercritical Fluids
36, 106–117.
Zweigel, P., Arts, R., Lothe, A.E. and Lindeberg, E.G. 2004.
Reservoir geology of the Utsira Formation at the first
industrial-scale underground CO 2 storage site (Sleipner
area, North Sea). In: Baines, S.J. and Worden, R.H. (eds.),
Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide. Geological Society
Special Publication 233, pp. 165–180.
602
H. Hellevang
A. and Høier, L. 2011. Lessons learned from 14 years of
CCS operations: Sleipner, In Salah and Snøhvit. Energy
Procedia 4, 5541–5548.
Elenius, M.T. and Gasda, S.E. 2013. Convective mixing in
formations with horizontal barriers. Advances in Water
Resources 62, 499–510.
Figueroa, J.D., Fout, T., Plasynski, S., McIlvried, H. and
Srivastava, R.D. 2008. Advances in CO 2 capture technology—The U.S. Department of Energy’s carbon sequestration program. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas
Control 2, 9–20.
Gao, Y., Liu, L. and Hu, W. 2009. Petrology and isotopic geochemistry of dawsonite-bearing sandstones in Hailaer basin,
northeastern China. Applied Geochemistry 24, 1724–1738.
Gaus, I., Azaroual, M. and Czernichowski-Lauriol, I. 2005.
Reactive transport modelling of the impact of CO 2 injection
on the clayey cap rock at Sleipner (North Sea). Chemical
Geology 217, 319–337.
Global CCS Institute. http://www.globalccsinstitute.com.
Hansen, O., Gilding, D., Nazarian, B., Osdal, B., Ringrose, P.,
Kristoffersen, J.-B., et al. 2013. Snøhvit: The history of
injection and storing 1 Mt CO 2 in the fluvial Tuba ˚en Fm.
Energy Procedia 37, 3565–3573.
Hellevang, H. and Aagaard, P. 2013. Can the long-term potential for carbonatization and safe long-term CO 2 storage in
sedimentary formations be predicted? Applied Geochemistry 39, 108–118.
Hellevang, H., Pham, V.H. and Aagaard, P. 2013. Kinetic
modeling of CO 2 -water-rock interactions. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 15, 3–15.
Hermanrud, C., Andresen, T., Eiken, O., Hansen, H., Janbu, A.,
Lippard, J., et al. 2009. Storage of CO 2 in saline aquifers—
lessons learned from 10 years of injection into the Utsira
Formation in the Sleipner area. Energy Procedia 1, 1997–2004.
IPCC. 2013. Climate change 2013: The physical science basis. In:
Stocker, T.F., Quin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen,
S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V. and Midgley,
P.M. (eds.), Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth
Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1535 pp.
Johnson, J.W., Nitao, J.J. and Knauss, K.G. 2004. Reactive
transport modeling of CO 2 storage in saline aquifers to
elucidate fundamental processes, trapping mechanisms and
sequestration partitioning. In: Bains, S.J. and Worden, R.H.
(eds.), Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide. Geological
Society Special Publication 233, pp. 107–128.
Kvamme, B. and Tanaka, H. 1995. Thermodynamic stability of
hydrates for ethane, ethylene, and carbon dioxide. Journal of
Physical Chemistry 99, 7114–7119.
Lu, J., Wilkinson, M., Haszeldine, R.S. and Fallick, A.E. 2009.
Long-term performance of a mudrock seal in natural CO 2
storage. Geology 37, 35–38.
Muller, N., Qi, R., Mackie, E., Pruess, K. and Blunt, M.J. 2009.
CO 2 injection impairment due to halite precipitation. Energy
Procedia 1, 3507–3514.
Pham, T.H.V., Maast, T.E., Hellevang, H. and Aagaard, P. 2011.
Numerical modeling including hysteresis properties for CO 2
storage in Tuba ˚en Formation, Snøhvit field, Barents Sea.
Energy Procedia 4, 3746–3753.
Rassenfoss, S. 2012. Increased oil production with something
old, something new. Journal of Petroleum Technology, Oct.
issue, 36–39.
Ringrose, P.S., Mathieson, A.S., Wright, I.W., Selama, F.,
Hansen, O., Bissell, R., et al. 2013. The In Salah CO 2 storage
project: lessons learned and knowledge transfer. Energy
Procedia 37, 6226–6236.
Sundal, A., Hellevang, H., Miri, R. and Aagaard, P. 2014. On
layer specific CO 2 plume distributions and variability in mineralization potential. Submitted to the Fourth EAGE CO 2
Geological Storage Workshop, Stavanger, April 23–25, 2014.
van Genuchten, M.Th. 1980. A closed-form equation for
predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils.
Soil Science Society of America Journal 44, 892–898.
Whittaker, S., Rostron, B., Hawkes, C., Gardner, C., White, D.,
Johnson, J., et al. 2011. A decade of CO 2 injection into
depleting oil fields: monitoring and research activities of
the IEA GHG Weyburn-Midale CO 2 monitoring and storage
project. Energy Procedia 4, 6069–6076.
Zabaloy, M.S., Vasquez, V.R. and Macedo, E.A. 2005. Viscosity of pure supercritical fluids. Journal of Supercritical Fluids
36, 106–117.
Zweigel, P., Arts, R., Lothe, A.E. and Lindeberg, E.G. 2004.
Reservoir geology of the Utsira Formation at the first
industrial-scale underground CO 2 storage site (Sleipner
area, North Sea). In: Baines, S.J. and Worden, R.H. (eds.),
Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide. Geological Society
Special Publication 233, pp. 165–180.
602
H. Hellevang