Gassmann, F. 1951. U ¨ ber die elastizita ¨t poroser medien.
Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforchenden Gesellschaft in
Zu ¨rich 96, 1–23.
Gosselin, O., Aanonsen, S.I., Aavatsmark, I., Cominelli, A.,
Gonard, R., Kolasinski, M., Ferdinandi, F., Kovacic, L. and
Neylon, K. 2003. History matching using time-lapse seismic
(HUTS), SPE paper 84464.
Guilbot, J. and Smith, B. 2002. 4-D constrained depth conversion for reservoir compaction estimation: Application to
Ekofisk Field. The Leading Edge 21(3), 302–308.
Han, D., Nur, A. and Morgan, D. 1986. Effects of porosity and
clay content on wave velocities in sandstones. Geophysics,
51, 2093–2107.
Hansteen, F., Wills, P.B., Hornman, K. and Jin, L. 2010. Timelapse refraction seismic monitoring. 80
th Annual International Meeting. Society of Exploration Geophysicis, 41704174.
Hatchell, P.J. and Bourne, S.J. 2005. Rocks under strain: Straininduced time-lapse time shifts are observed for depleting
reservoirs. The Leading Edge 24, 1222–1225.
Hatchell, P.J., Kawar, R.S. and Savitski, A.A. 2005. Integrating
4D seismic, geomechanics and reservoir simulation in the
Valhall oil field. 67th Meeting. European Association of
Geoscientists and Engineers, C012.
Hilbich, C. 2010. Time-lapse refraction seismic tomography for
the detection of ground ice degradation. The Cryosphere 4,
243–259.
Holt, R.M., Fjær, E., Nes, O.-M. and Stenebra ˚ten, J.F. 2008.
Strain sensitivity of wave velocities in sediments and sedimentary rocks. ARMA (American Rock Mechanics Association; conference paper) 08-291, 1-8.
Johansen, S.E., Amundsen, H.E.F., Røsten, T., Ellingsrud, S.,
Eidesmo, T. and Bhuyian, A.H. 2005. Subsurface
hydrocarbons detected by electromagnetic sounding. First
Break 23, 31–36.
Kommedal, J.H., Barkved, O.I. and Howe, D.J. 2004. Initial
experience operating a permanent 4D seabed array for reservoir monitoring at Valhall. 74th Annual International
Meeting. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists,
2239–2242.
Koster, K., Gabriels, P., Hartung, M., Verbeek, J., Deinum, G.
and Staples, R. 2000. Time-lapse seismic surveys in the
North Sea and their business impact. The Leading Edge 19
(03), 286–293.
Kragh, E. and Christie, P. 2002. Seismic repeatability,
normalized rms, and predictability. The Leading Edge 21,
640–647.
Landrø, M. 1999. Repeatability issues of 3-D VSP data. Geophysics 64, 1673–1679.
Landrø, M. 2001. Discrimination between pressure and fluid
saturation changes from time lapse seismic data. Geophysics
66(3), 836–844.
Landrø, M. 2002. Uncertainties in quantitative time-lapse seismic analysis. Geophysical Prospecting 50, 527–538.
Landrø, M. 2007. Attenuation of seismic water-column noise –
tested on seismic data from the Grane field. Geophysics 72,
V87–V95.
Landrø, M. 2008. The effect of noise generated by previous
shots on seismic reflection data. Geophysics 73, Q9–Q17.
Landrø, M., Digranes, P. and Strønen, L.K. 2001. Mapping
reservoir pressure and saturation changes using seismic
methods – Possibilities and limitations. First Break 19,
671–677.
Landrø, M., Digranes, P. and Strønen, L.K. 2002. Pressure
effects on seismic data – Possibilities and limitations.
Paper presented at the NPF biennual conference,
Kristiansand, Norway, 11–13 March, 2002.
Landrø, M., Digranes, P. and Strønen, L.K. 2005. Pressure
depletion measured by time-lapse VSP. The Leading Edge
24, 1226–1232 (December issue).
Landrø, M. and Duffaut, K. 2004. V p –V s ratio versus effective
pressure and rock consolidation – A comparison between
rock models and time-lapse AVO studies. 74th Annual International Meeting. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists,
1519–1522.
Landrø, M., Nguyen, A.K. and Mehdizadeh, H. 2004. Time
lapse refraction seismic – A tool for monitoring carbonate
fields? 74th Annual International Meeting. The Society of
Exploration Geophysicists, 2295–2298.
Landrø, M., Nguyen, A.K. and Zadeh, M.H. 2004. Time lapse
refraction seismic – a tool for monitoring carbonate fields?
74
th Annual International Meeting. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2295–2298.
Landrø, M. and Skopintseva, L. 2008. Potential improvements
in reservoir monitoring using permanent seismic receiver
arrays. The Leading Edge 27, 1638–1645.
Landrø, M., Solheim, O.A., Hilde, E., Ekren, B.O. and Strønen,
L.K. 1999. The Gullfaks 4D seismic study. Petroleum Geoscience 5, 213–226.
Landrø, M. and Stammeijer, J. 2004. Quantitative estimation of
compaction and velocity changes using 4D impedance and
traveltime changes. Geophysics 69(4), 949–957.
Landrø, M., Veire, H.H., Duffaut, K. and Najjar, N. 2003.
Discrimination between pressure and fluid saturation
changes from marine multicomponent time-lapse seismic
data. Geophysics 68, 1592–1599.
Larsen, D. and Lie, A. 1990. Monitoring an underground flow
by shallow seismic data: A case study. SEG Expanded
Abstracts 9, 201 pp.
MacLeod, M., Hanson, R.A., Bell, C.R. and McHugo, S. 1999.
The Alba Field ocean bottom cable survey: Impact on development. The Leading Edge 18, 1306–1312.
Mavko, G., Mukerji, T. and Dvorkin, J. 1998. The Rock Physics
Handbook. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, ISBN
0521 62068 6, 147–161.
Mehdi Zadeh, H., Landrø, M., Mythen, B.A., Vedanti, N. and
Srivastava, R. 2005. Time lapse seismic analysis using long
offset PS data. 75th Annual International Meeting. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists, TL3.7.
Mindlin, R.D. 1949. Compliance of elastic bodies in contact.
Journal of Applied Mechanics 16, 259–268.
Nes, O.M., Holt, R.M. and Fjær, E. 2000. The reliability of core
data as input to seismic reservoir monitoring studies. SPE
65180.
Osdal, B., Husby, O., Aronsen, H.A., Chen, N. and Alsos, T.
2006. Mapping the fluid front and pressure buildup using 4D
data on Norne Field. The Leading Edge 25, 1134–1141.
Parr, R., Marsh, J. and Griffin, T. 2000. Interpretation and
integration of 4-D results into reservoir management,
Schiehallion Field, UKCS. 70th Annual International
Meeting. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists,
1464–1467.
19 4D Seismic
513
Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforchenden Gesellschaft in
Zu ¨rich 96, 1–23.
Gosselin, O., Aanonsen, S.I., Aavatsmark, I., Cominelli, A.,
Gonard, R., Kolasinski, M., Ferdinandi, F., Kovacic, L. and
Neylon, K. 2003. History matching using time-lapse seismic
(HUTS), SPE paper 84464.
Guilbot, J. and Smith, B. 2002. 4-D constrained depth conversion for reservoir compaction estimation: Application to
Ekofisk Field. The Leading Edge 21(3), 302–308.
Han, D., Nur, A. and Morgan, D. 1986. Effects of porosity and
clay content on wave velocities in sandstones. Geophysics,
51, 2093–2107.
Hansteen, F., Wills, P.B., Hornman, K. and Jin, L. 2010. Timelapse refraction seismic monitoring. 80
th Annual International Meeting. Society of Exploration Geophysicis, 41704174.
Hatchell, P.J. and Bourne, S.J. 2005. Rocks under strain: Straininduced time-lapse time shifts are observed for depleting
reservoirs. The Leading Edge 24, 1222–1225.
Hatchell, P.J., Kawar, R.S. and Savitski, A.A. 2005. Integrating
4D seismic, geomechanics and reservoir simulation in the
Valhall oil field. 67th Meeting. European Association of
Geoscientists and Engineers, C012.
Hilbich, C. 2010. Time-lapse refraction seismic tomography for
the detection of ground ice degradation. The Cryosphere 4,
243–259.
Holt, R.M., Fjær, E., Nes, O.-M. and Stenebra ˚ten, J.F. 2008.
Strain sensitivity of wave velocities in sediments and sedimentary rocks. ARMA (American Rock Mechanics Association; conference paper) 08-291, 1-8.
Johansen, S.E., Amundsen, H.E.F., Røsten, T., Ellingsrud, S.,
Eidesmo, T. and Bhuyian, A.H. 2005. Subsurface
hydrocarbons detected by electromagnetic sounding. First
Break 23, 31–36.
Kommedal, J.H., Barkved, O.I. and Howe, D.J. 2004. Initial
experience operating a permanent 4D seabed array for reservoir monitoring at Valhall. 74th Annual International
Meeting. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists,
2239–2242.
Koster, K., Gabriels, P., Hartung, M., Verbeek, J., Deinum, G.
and Staples, R. 2000. Time-lapse seismic surveys in the
North Sea and their business impact. The Leading Edge 19
(03), 286–293.
Kragh, E. and Christie, P. 2002. Seismic repeatability,
normalized rms, and predictability. The Leading Edge 21,
640–647.
Landrø, M. 1999. Repeatability issues of 3-D VSP data. Geophysics 64, 1673–1679.
Landrø, M. 2001. Discrimination between pressure and fluid
saturation changes from time lapse seismic data. Geophysics
66(3), 836–844.
Landrø, M. 2002. Uncertainties in quantitative time-lapse seismic analysis. Geophysical Prospecting 50, 527–538.
Landrø, M. 2007. Attenuation of seismic water-column noise –
tested on seismic data from the Grane field. Geophysics 72,
V87–V95.
Landrø, M. 2008. The effect of noise generated by previous
shots on seismic reflection data. Geophysics 73, Q9–Q17.
Landrø, M., Digranes, P. and Strønen, L.K. 2001. Mapping
reservoir pressure and saturation changes using seismic
methods – Possibilities and limitations. First Break 19,
671–677.
Landrø, M., Digranes, P. and Strønen, L.K. 2002. Pressure
effects on seismic data – Possibilities and limitations.
Paper presented at the NPF biennual conference,
Kristiansand, Norway, 11–13 March, 2002.
Landrø, M., Digranes, P. and Strønen, L.K. 2005. Pressure
depletion measured by time-lapse VSP. The Leading Edge
24, 1226–1232 (December issue).
Landrø, M. and Duffaut, K. 2004. V p –V s ratio versus effective
pressure and rock consolidation – A comparison between
rock models and time-lapse AVO studies. 74th Annual International Meeting. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists,
1519–1522.
Landrø, M., Nguyen, A.K. and Mehdizadeh, H. 2004. Time
lapse refraction seismic – A tool for monitoring carbonate
fields? 74th Annual International Meeting. The Society of
Exploration Geophysicists, 2295–2298.
Landrø, M., Nguyen, A.K. and Zadeh, M.H. 2004. Time lapse
refraction seismic – a tool for monitoring carbonate fields?
74
th Annual International Meeting. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2295–2298.
Landrø, M. and Skopintseva, L. 2008. Potential improvements
in reservoir monitoring using permanent seismic receiver
arrays. The Leading Edge 27, 1638–1645.
Landrø, M., Solheim, O.A., Hilde, E., Ekren, B.O. and Strønen,
L.K. 1999. The Gullfaks 4D seismic study. Petroleum Geoscience 5, 213–226.
Landrø, M. and Stammeijer, J. 2004. Quantitative estimation of
compaction and velocity changes using 4D impedance and
traveltime changes. Geophysics 69(4), 949–957.
Landrø, M., Veire, H.H., Duffaut, K. and Najjar, N. 2003.
Discrimination between pressure and fluid saturation
changes from marine multicomponent time-lapse seismic
data. Geophysics 68, 1592–1599.
Larsen, D. and Lie, A. 1990. Monitoring an underground flow
by shallow seismic data: A case study. SEG Expanded
Abstracts 9, 201 pp.
MacLeod, M., Hanson, R.A., Bell, C.R. and McHugo, S. 1999.
The Alba Field ocean bottom cable survey: Impact on development. The Leading Edge 18, 1306–1312.
Mavko, G., Mukerji, T. and Dvorkin, J. 1998. The Rock Physics
Handbook. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, ISBN
0521 62068 6, 147–161.
Mehdi Zadeh, H., Landrø, M., Mythen, B.A., Vedanti, N. and
Srivastava, R. 2005. Time lapse seismic analysis using long
offset PS data. 75th Annual International Meeting. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists, TL3.7.
Mindlin, R.D. 1949. Compliance of elastic bodies in contact.
Journal of Applied Mechanics 16, 259–268.
Nes, O.M., Holt, R.M. and Fjær, E. 2000. The reliability of core
data as input to seismic reservoir monitoring studies. SPE
65180.
Osdal, B., Husby, O., Aronsen, H.A., Chen, N. and Alsos, T.
2006. Mapping the fluid front and pressure buildup using 4D
data on Norne Field. The Leading Edge 25, 1134–1141.
Parr, R., Marsh, J. and Griffin, T. 2000. Interpretation and
integration of 4-D results into reservoir management,
Schiehallion Field, UKCS. 70th Annual International
Meeting. The Society of Exploration Geophysicists,
1464–1467.
19 4D Seismic
513