76. Ye Y-S, Tseng C-Y, Shen W-C, Wang J-S, Chen K-J, Cheng M-Y, Rick J, Huang Y-J,
Chang F-C, Hwang B-J (2011) A new graphene-modified protic ionic liquid-based composite
membrane for solid polymer electrolytes. J Mater Chem 21:10448–10453
77. Kim TY, Lee HW, Stoller M, Dreyer DR, Bielawski CW, Ruoff RS, Suh KS (2011)
High-performance supercapacitors based on poly(ionic liquid)-modified graphene electrodes.
ACS Nano 5:436–442
78. Ji Q, Honma I, Paek S-M, Akada M, Hill JP, Vinu A, Ariga K (2010) Layer-by-layer films of
graphene and ionic liquids for highly selective gas sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed 49:9737–9739
79. Lu J, Yang J-X, Wang J, Lim A, Wang S, Loh KP (2009) One-pot synthesis of fluorescent
carbon nanoribbons, nanoparticles, and graphene by the exfoliation of graphite in ionic liquids.
ACS Nano 3:2367–2375
80. Khare V, Pham M-Q, Kumari N, Yoon H-S, Kim C-S, Park J-IL, Ahn S-H (2013) Grapheneionic liquid based hybrid nanomaterials as novel lubricant for low friction and wear. ACS Appl
Mater Interfaces 5:4063–4075
81. Yang H, Shan C, Li F, Han D, Zhang Q, Niu L (2009) Covalent functionalization of
polydisperse chemically-converted graphene sheets with amine-terminated ionic liquid.
Chem Commun 2009(26):3880–3882
82. Karousis N, Economopoulos SP, Sarantopoulou E, Tagmatarchis N (2010) Porphyrin counter
anion in imidazolium-modified graphene-oxide. Carbon 48:854–860
83. Quintana M, Spyrou K, Grzelczak M, Browne WR, Rudolf P, Prato M (2010) Functionalization of graphene via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. ACS Nano 4:3527–3533
84. Quintana M, Montellano A, del Rio Castillo AE, Tendeloo GV, Bittencourt C, Prato M (2011)
Selective organic functionalization of graphene bulk or graphene edges. Chem Commun
47:9330–9332
85. Liu N, Luo F, Wu H, Liu Y, Zhang C, Chen J (2008) One-step ionic-liquid-assisted electrochemical synthesis of ionic-liquid-functionalized graphene sheets directly from graphite. Adv
Funct Mater 18:1518–1525
86. Salavagione HJ, Martı ´nez G, Ellis G (2011) Recent advances in the covalent modification of
graphene with polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 32:1771–1789
87. Fang M, Wang K, Lu H, Yang Y, Nutt S (2009) Covalent polymer functionalization of
graphene nanosheets and mechanical properties of composites. J Mater Chem 19:7098–7105
88. Lee SH, Dreyer DR, An J, Velamakanni A, Piner RD, Park S, Zhu Y, Kim SO, Bielawski CW,
Ruoff RS (2010) Polymer brushes via controlled, surface-initiated Atom Transfer Radical
Polymerization (ATRP) from graphene oxide. Macromol Rapid Commun 31:281–288
89. Etmimi HM, Tonge MP, Sanderson RD (2011) Synthesis and characterization of polystyrenegraphite nanocomposites via surface RAFT-mediated miniemulsion polymerization. J Polym
Sci A Polym Chem 49:1621–1632
90. Zhang B, Chen Y, Xu L, Zeng L, He Y, Kang E-T, Zhang J (2011) Growing poly
(N-vinylcarbazole) from the surface of graphene oxide via RAFT polymerization. J Polym
Sci A Polym Chem 49:2043–2050
91. Beckert F, Friedrich C, Thomann R, Mu ¨lhaupt R (2012) Sulfur-functionalized graphenes
as macro-chain-transfer and RAFT agents for producing graphene polymer brushes and
polystyrene nanocomposites. Macromolecules 45:7083–7090
92. Li Y, Li X, Dong C, Qi J, Han X (2010) A graphene oxide-based molecularly imprinted
polymer platform for detecting endocrine disrupting chemicals. Carbon 48:3427–3433
93. Beckert F, Rostas AM, Thomann R, Weber S, Schleicher E, Friedrich C, Mu ¨lhaupt R (2013)
Self-initiated free radical grafting of styrene homo- and copolymers onto functionalized
graphene. Macromolecules 46:5488–5496
94. Katsigiannopoulos D, Grana E, Avgeropoulos A, Carrasco PM, Garcia I, Odriozola I,
Diamanti E, Gournis D (2012) Nanohybrids based on polymeric ionic liquid prepared from
functionalized MWCNTs by modification of anionically synthesized poly(4-vinylpyridine).
J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 50:1181–1186
Nanostructured Polymeric Ionic Liquids
445
Chang F-C, Hwang B-J (2011) A new graphene-modified protic ionic liquid-based composite
membrane for solid polymer electrolytes. J Mater Chem 21:10448–10453
77. Kim TY, Lee HW, Stoller M, Dreyer DR, Bielawski CW, Ruoff RS, Suh KS (2011)
High-performance supercapacitors based on poly(ionic liquid)-modified graphene electrodes.
ACS Nano 5:436–442
78. Ji Q, Honma I, Paek S-M, Akada M, Hill JP, Vinu A, Ariga K (2010) Layer-by-layer films of
graphene and ionic liquids for highly selective gas sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed 49:9737–9739
79. Lu J, Yang J-X, Wang J, Lim A, Wang S, Loh KP (2009) One-pot synthesis of fluorescent
carbon nanoribbons, nanoparticles, and graphene by the exfoliation of graphite in ionic liquids.
ACS Nano 3:2367–2375
80. Khare V, Pham M-Q, Kumari N, Yoon H-S, Kim C-S, Park J-IL, Ahn S-H (2013) Grapheneionic liquid based hybrid nanomaterials as novel lubricant for low friction and wear. ACS Appl
Mater Interfaces 5:4063–4075
81. Yang H, Shan C, Li F, Han D, Zhang Q, Niu L (2009) Covalent functionalization of
polydisperse chemically-converted graphene sheets with amine-terminated ionic liquid.
Chem Commun 2009(26):3880–3882
82. Karousis N, Economopoulos SP, Sarantopoulou E, Tagmatarchis N (2010) Porphyrin counter
anion in imidazolium-modified graphene-oxide. Carbon 48:854–860
83. Quintana M, Spyrou K, Grzelczak M, Browne WR, Rudolf P, Prato M (2010) Functionalization of graphene via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. ACS Nano 4:3527–3533
84. Quintana M, Montellano A, del Rio Castillo AE, Tendeloo GV, Bittencourt C, Prato M (2011)
Selective organic functionalization of graphene bulk or graphene edges. Chem Commun
47:9330–9332
85. Liu N, Luo F, Wu H, Liu Y, Zhang C, Chen J (2008) One-step ionic-liquid-assisted electrochemical synthesis of ionic-liquid-functionalized graphene sheets directly from graphite. Adv
Funct Mater 18:1518–1525
86. Salavagione HJ, Martı ´nez G, Ellis G (2011) Recent advances in the covalent modification of
graphene with polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 32:1771–1789
87. Fang M, Wang K, Lu H, Yang Y, Nutt S (2009) Covalent polymer functionalization of
graphene nanosheets and mechanical properties of composites. J Mater Chem 19:7098–7105
88. Lee SH, Dreyer DR, An J, Velamakanni A, Piner RD, Park S, Zhu Y, Kim SO, Bielawski CW,
Ruoff RS (2010) Polymer brushes via controlled, surface-initiated Atom Transfer Radical
Polymerization (ATRP) from graphene oxide. Macromol Rapid Commun 31:281–288
89. Etmimi HM, Tonge MP, Sanderson RD (2011) Synthesis and characterization of polystyrenegraphite nanocomposites via surface RAFT-mediated miniemulsion polymerization. J Polym
Sci A Polym Chem 49:1621–1632
90. Zhang B, Chen Y, Xu L, Zeng L, He Y, Kang E-T, Zhang J (2011) Growing poly
(N-vinylcarbazole) from the surface of graphene oxide via RAFT polymerization. J Polym
Sci A Polym Chem 49:2043–2050
91. Beckert F, Friedrich C, Thomann R, Mu ¨lhaupt R (2012) Sulfur-functionalized graphenes
as macro-chain-transfer and RAFT agents for producing graphene polymer brushes and
polystyrene nanocomposites. Macromolecules 45:7083–7090
92. Li Y, Li X, Dong C, Qi J, Han X (2010) A graphene oxide-based molecularly imprinted
polymer platform for detecting endocrine disrupting chemicals. Carbon 48:3427–3433
93. Beckert F, Rostas AM, Thomann R, Weber S, Schleicher E, Friedrich C, Mu ¨lhaupt R (2013)
Self-initiated free radical grafting of styrene homo- and copolymers onto functionalized
graphene. Macromolecules 46:5488–5496
94. Katsigiannopoulos D, Grana E, Avgeropoulos A, Carrasco PM, Garcia I, Odriozola I,
Diamanti E, Gournis D (2012) Nanohybrids based on polymeric ionic liquid prepared from
functionalized MWCNTs by modification of anionically synthesized poly(4-vinylpyridine).
J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 50:1181–1186
Nanostructured Polymeric Ionic Liquids
445