3 Conclusion
There has been a resurgence in the synthesis of cyclic polymers through the ringclosure method. This stems from the ability to produce well-defined polymers
through “living” radical polymerization with controlled chain length and chainend functionality. The range of cyclic structures and the many different
architectures have driven the field in the past few years. In this contribution, we
have provided some fundamental insights into ring closure and the conditions for
obtaining high conversions of cyclic polymers. We have also provided many
examples of ring-closure reactions, starting with the earliest work through to recent
studies.
Acknowledgment M.J.M. acknowledges financial support from the ARC Discovery grant
(DP120100973).
References
1. de Gennes P-G (1971) J Chem Phys 55:572
2. Doi M, Edwards SF (1986) The theory of polymer dynamics. Oxford University Press, Oxford
3. Doi M, Edwards SF (1978) J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 2 74:1789
4. Kawaguchi D, Masuoka K, Takano A, Tanaka K, Nagamura T, Torikai N, Dalgliesh RM,
Langridge S, Matsushita Y (2006) Macromolecules 39:5180
5. Obhukov SP, Rubinstein M, Duke T (1994) Phys Rev Lett 73:1263
6. Casassa EF (1965) J Polym Sci A Gen Pap 3:605
7. Roovers J (1985) J Polym Sci Polym Phys Ed 23:1117
8. McLeish T (2002) Science 297:2005
9. Orrah DJ, Semlyen JA, Ross-Murphy SB (1988) Polymer 29:1455
10. Clarson SJ, Mark JE, Semlyen JA (1986) Polym Commun 27:244
11. Qiu X-P, Tanaka F, Winnik FM (2007) Macromolecules 40:7069
12. Shin EJ, Jeong W, Brown HA, Koo BJ, Hedrick JL, Waymouth RM (2011) Macromolecules
44:2773
13. Bannister DJ, Semlyen JA (1981) Polymer 22:377
14. Ueberreiter K, Kanig G (1952) J Colloid Sci 7:569
15. Fox TG, Flory PJ (1954) J Polym Sci 14:315
16. Farrington PJ, Hawker CJ, Frechet JMJ, Mackay ME (1998) Macromolecules 31:5043
17. Glans JH, Turner DT (1981) Polymer 22:1540
18. Ueberreiter K, Kanig G (1950) J Chem Phys 18:399
19. Santangelo PG, Roland CM, Chang T, Cho D, Roovers J (2001) Macromolecules 34:9002
20. Gan YD, Dong DH, Hogenesch TE (1995) Macromolecules 28:383
21. Lonsdale DE, Bell CA, Monteiro MJ (2010) Macromolecules 43:3331
22. Char K, Gast AP, Frank CW (1988) Langmuir 4:989
23. Cuniberti C, Perico A (1977) Eur Polym J 13:369
24. Redpath AEC, Winnik MA (1982) J Am Chem Soc 104:5604
25. Winnik MA, Redpath AEC, Svirskaya P, Mar A (1983) Polymer 24:473
26. Roovers J, Toporowski PM (1983) Macromolecules 16:843
27. Stanford JL, Stepto RFT, Waywell DR (1975) J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 1 1(71):1308
28. Gordon M, Temple WB (1972) Makromol Chem 160:263
Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers via Ring Closure
325
There has been a resurgence in the synthesis of cyclic polymers through the ringclosure method. This stems from the ability to produce well-defined polymers
through “living” radical polymerization with controlled chain length and chainend functionality. The range of cyclic structures and the many different
architectures have driven the field in the past few years. In this contribution, we
have provided some fundamental insights into ring closure and the conditions for
obtaining high conversions of cyclic polymers. We have also provided many
examples of ring-closure reactions, starting with the earliest work through to recent
studies.
Acknowledgment M.J.M. acknowledges financial support from the ARC Discovery grant
(DP120100973).
References
1. de Gennes P-G (1971) J Chem Phys 55:572
2. Doi M, Edwards SF (1986) The theory of polymer dynamics. Oxford University Press, Oxford
3. Doi M, Edwards SF (1978) J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 2 74:1789
4. Kawaguchi D, Masuoka K, Takano A, Tanaka K, Nagamura T, Torikai N, Dalgliesh RM,
Langridge S, Matsushita Y (2006) Macromolecules 39:5180
5. Obhukov SP, Rubinstein M, Duke T (1994) Phys Rev Lett 73:1263
6. Casassa EF (1965) J Polym Sci A Gen Pap 3:605
7. Roovers J (1985) J Polym Sci Polym Phys Ed 23:1117
8. McLeish T (2002) Science 297:2005
9. Orrah DJ, Semlyen JA, Ross-Murphy SB (1988) Polymer 29:1455
10. Clarson SJ, Mark JE, Semlyen JA (1986) Polym Commun 27:244
11. Qiu X-P, Tanaka F, Winnik FM (2007) Macromolecules 40:7069
12. Shin EJ, Jeong W, Brown HA, Koo BJ, Hedrick JL, Waymouth RM (2011) Macromolecules
44:2773
13. Bannister DJ, Semlyen JA (1981) Polymer 22:377
14. Ueberreiter K, Kanig G (1952) J Colloid Sci 7:569
15. Fox TG, Flory PJ (1954) J Polym Sci 14:315
16. Farrington PJ, Hawker CJ, Frechet JMJ, Mackay ME (1998) Macromolecules 31:5043
17. Glans JH, Turner DT (1981) Polymer 22:1540
18. Ueberreiter K, Kanig G (1950) J Chem Phys 18:399
19. Santangelo PG, Roland CM, Chang T, Cho D, Roovers J (2001) Macromolecules 34:9002
20. Gan YD, Dong DH, Hogenesch TE (1995) Macromolecules 28:383
21. Lonsdale DE, Bell CA, Monteiro MJ (2010) Macromolecules 43:3331
22. Char K, Gast AP, Frank CW (1988) Langmuir 4:989
23. Cuniberti C, Perico A (1977) Eur Polym J 13:369
24. Redpath AEC, Winnik MA (1982) J Am Chem Soc 104:5604
25. Winnik MA, Redpath AEC, Svirskaya P, Mar A (1983) Polymer 24:473
26. Roovers J, Toporowski PM (1983) Macromolecules 16:843
27. Stanford JL, Stepto RFT, Waywell DR (1975) J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 1 1(71):1308
28. Gordon M, Temple WB (1972) Makromol Chem 160:263
Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers via Ring Closure
325