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3 Practical Literature Review for Establishing the Current Renewable …
first model consists on building dedicated renewable energy plants for the sole
purpose of producing hydrogen. The second model considers the purchase of
renewable electricity through PPA. The third and last model consists on using
curtailed production from renewable energy plants. The report indicates that the
last model is the least economically viable. Purchasing renewable energy through
PPA offers the greatest economic alternative, allowing flexibility and scaling-up
in case the demand for renewable hydrogen increases. The paper mentions that
sustainable water inputs required in the electrolysis process can be a challenge in
some parts of Australia.
Most of the Australian States have defined their respective hydrogen roadmaps
or strategy documents (Energy Magazine 2020).
Queensland
The Queensland State defines its competitive position on the hydrogen market in
the “Queensland Hydrogen Industry Strategy 2019–2024” (Queensland Government 2019). While a definition of the renewable hydrogen as hydrogen produced
without fossil fuels is provided, the short-term and mid-term hydrogen production
technologies considered are the natural gas reformation and the coal gasification.
Water electrolysis along with other non-fossil fuel-based production technologies (i.e. high temperature pyrolysis) are considered but in smaller proportion
and in longer term (TIQ Australia 2019). The strategy document supports the
development of a hydrogen-based fuels green certification system. The document
highlights the 300 days of sunshine of Queensland. 1.380 megawatts of solar PV
are already installed, and a further 19 gigawatts of solar PV projects could possibly be developed. The development of a hydrogen economy would enable the
creation of about 2.700 jobs by 2030 ad over 7.000 jobs by 2040. There is no
target defined for either production of renewable energy or production of renewable hydrogen. The strategy suggests a set of enabling actions that are structured
around five focus areas: (1) supporting innovation, (2) facilitating private sector
investment, (3) ensuring an effective policy framework for sustainable development, (4) building community awareness and confidence and (5) facilitating skills
development for new technologies. The Queensland Hydrogen Strategy includes
an AUSD15 million Hydrogen Industry Development Fund.
New South Wales
The New South Wales government has announced a target of a 10% share of
hydrogen in its gas network by 2030 (Energy Magazine 2020).
Victoria
The Victoria state hosts the HESC Project consisting on the production of hydrogen from coal gasification with CCS (Hydrogen Energy Supply Chain 2020).
3 Practical Literature Review for Establishing the Current Renewable …
first model consists on building dedicated renewable energy plants for the sole
purpose of producing hydrogen. The second model considers the purchase of
renewable electricity through PPA. The third and last model consists on using
curtailed production from renewable energy plants. The report indicates that the
last model is the least economically viable. Purchasing renewable energy through
PPA offers the greatest economic alternative, allowing flexibility and scaling-up
in case the demand for renewable hydrogen increases. The paper mentions that
sustainable water inputs required in the electrolysis process can be a challenge in
some parts of Australia.
Most of the Australian States have defined their respective hydrogen roadmaps
or strategy documents (Energy Magazine 2020).
Queensland
The Queensland State defines its competitive position on the hydrogen market in
the “Queensland Hydrogen Industry Strategy 2019–2024” (Queensland Government 2019). While a definition of the renewable hydrogen as hydrogen produced
without fossil fuels is provided, the short-term and mid-term hydrogen production
technologies considered are the natural gas reformation and the coal gasification.
Water electrolysis along with other non-fossil fuel-based production technologies (i.e. high temperature pyrolysis) are considered but in smaller proportion
and in longer term (TIQ Australia 2019). The strategy document supports the
development of a hydrogen-based fuels green certification system. The document
highlights the 300 days of sunshine of Queensland. 1.380 megawatts of solar PV
are already installed, and a further 19 gigawatts of solar PV projects could possibly be developed. The development of a hydrogen economy would enable the
creation of about 2.700 jobs by 2030 ad over 7.000 jobs by 2040. There is no
target defined for either production of renewable energy or production of renewable hydrogen. The strategy suggests a set of enabling actions that are structured
around five focus areas: (1) supporting innovation, (2) facilitating private sector
investment, (3) ensuring an effective policy framework for sustainable development, (4) building community awareness and confidence and (5) facilitating skills
development for new technologies. The Queensland Hydrogen Strategy includes
an AUSD15 million Hydrogen Industry Development Fund.
New South Wales
The New South Wales government has announced a target of a 10% share of
hydrogen in its gas network by 2030 (Energy Magazine 2020).
Victoria
The Victoria state hosts the HESC Project consisting on the production of hydrogen from coal gasification with CCS (Hydrogen Energy Supply Chain 2020).