8
Conclusion
The APAC countries falling under the research scope have well developed renewable energy policies, targets, and instruments. Those are designed to reduce GHG
emissions, meet the Paris Agreement targets, and reduce the dependency on fossil
energy.
Concurrently, the APAC countries have identified hydrogen as a key element
of the future global energy landscape. Australia, Japan, and South-Korea have
developed national strategies supporting the development of a hydrogen economy.
The literature review and the semi-structured interviews findings have clarified
the goals and implications of the APAC markets renewable energy and hydrogen
policies. It has shown that the design and the implementation of the respective
policies are not linked. Moreover, the APAC hydrogen policy frameworks are
often technology neutral, without specifically referring to the renewable hydrogen.
Hydrogen is a key feedstock for industrial processes such as the ammonia
and methanol production, the oil refining, and the steel manufacturing. Hydrogen
feedstock is produced from CO 2 emitting processes such as the steam reforming
of natural gas, the coal gasification, and the oil refining by-products. Currently, the
renewable hydrogen production via water electrolysis is four-fold more expensive
than the fossil fuel-based hydrogen production processes.
Once the quantity of hydrogen required for the production processes of ammonia, methanol, steel, and oil refining is determined, it is possible to estimate
the amount of renewable electricity required for the decarbonization of those
production processes with renewable hydrogen.
The estimation of the decarbonization potential in the APAC markets with
the current, future (2030) and technical potential renewable electricity generation capacity indicates how much the large renewable energy projects, as the
result of the respective APAC markets renewable energy policy implementation,
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH,
part of Springer Nature 2021
M. Jaunatre, Renewable Hydrogen, Business Analytics,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32642-5_8
101
Conclusion
The APAC countries falling under the research scope have well developed renewable energy policies, targets, and instruments. Those are designed to reduce GHG
emissions, meet the Paris Agreement targets, and reduce the dependency on fossil
energy.
Concurrently, the APAC countries have identified hydrogen as a key element
of the future global energy landscape. Australia, Japan, and South-Korea have
developed national strategies supporting the development of a hydrogen economy.
The literature review and the semi-structured interviews findings have clarified
the goals and implications of the APAC markets renewable energy and hydrogen
policies. It has shown that the design and the implementation of the respective
policies are not linked. Moreover, the APAC hydrogen policy frameworks are
often technology neutral, without specifically referring to the renewable hydrogen.
Hydrogen is a key feedstock for industrial processes such as the ammonia
and methanol production, the oil refining, and the steel manufacturing. Hydrogen
feedstock is produced from CO 2 emitting processes such as the steam reforming
of natural gas, the coal gasification, and the oil refining by-products. Currently, the
renewable hydrogen production via water electrolysis is four-fold more expensive
than the fossil fuel-based hydrogen production processes.
Once the quantity of hydrogen required for the production processes of ammonia, methanol, steel, and oil refining is determined, it is possible to estimate
the amount of renewable electricity required for the decarbonization of those
production processes with renewable hydrogen.
The estimation of the decarbonization potential in the APAC markets with
the current, future (2030) and technical potential renewable electricity generation capacity indicates how much the large renewable energy projects, as the
result of the respective APAC markets renewable energy policy implementation,
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH,
part of Springer Nature 2021
M. Jaunatre, Renewable Hydrogen, Business Analytics,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-32642-5_8
101