Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer
polymerization (RAFT), 219
Rhodobacter sphaeroides, 295
Rhodopsin
crystallization, 76
crystallographic structure, 86
integrated into NDs, stabilization, 112
ND-trapped, function as a monomer, 116
peptitergent-trapped, 120
prototype of class A GPCRs, 85
signal transduction, 47
stabilization by designer peptide surfactants, 123
Rhodopsin kinase
interaction with ND-trapped monomeric
rhodopsin, 116
Rhomboid protease
crystallization from bicelles, 104
Rieske iron-sulfur protein, 73, 78
stabilization by lipids, 29
RIPA, see Radioimmunoprecipitation assay
ROM1, 557
Rosenbusch, J.P., 506
Rotary motors, 11
Rotational correlation time (τ c ), 454
RRS, see Resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS)
Ryanodine receptor (RyR)
SP EM studies in A8-35, detergent, and mixtures, 572
S
s, see Sedimentation coefficient (s)
Sanders, C.R., 99, 308
SANS, see Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS)
SAPol particles
insensitivity to divalent cations, 419, 420
SAPols, see Sulfonated amphipols
Saposin A, 119
in complex with LDAO, 124
in complex with lipids, 124
cryoEM structure of PepT So2 /saposin A complex, 126
crystallographic structures, 123
overview, 123–127
use to trap MPs, 126
X-ray structure of saposin A/LDAO complexes, 124
Saposin A-trapped MPs
HIV-1 spike, 125
PepT So2 , 125
T2 mechanosensitive channel, 125
Sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump (SERCA1a),
10, 290
Ca
2+ binding sites, 46
comparative inhibitory and stabilizing effects
of various APols, 300
conformational state-specific binding of PE, 47, 48
coupling between TM and extramembrane
conformational transitions, 47
crystallization, 76
destabilization by detergents, 76
function, 44
functional cycle, 44–46
functional effects of APols, 296
inhibition by APols, 297
ligand binding after trapping with APols, 289
mechanism of inactivation by detergents, 302
overall structure, 44
rate of Ca
2+ release, 299
SEC analysis of SERCA1a/A8-35 complexes, 281
stability in various APols, 295
stabilization by A8-35, 300
stabilization by APols, 299
stabilization by Ca
2+ , 47
structure and function (overview), 44–47
TM topology, 14
transmembrane Ca
2+ -binding sites, 302
Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), 6, 10
SAXS, see Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)
Schiff base, 35
hydrolysis upon BR denaturation, 339
Schiff base between bacterio-opsin and retinal, 289
SDS, see Sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS)
SEC, see Size exclusion chromatography (SEC)
SecDFyajC, 260
Secondary transporters, 11
Secretase, γSP cryo-EM reconstruction in A8-35, 569, 571
SP cryo-EM reconstruction in digitonin, 571
SP cryo-EM reconstructions in A8-35 vs. digitonin,
556, 570
SecYEG
associated lipids in SMALPs, 277
ND-trapped, functionality as a monomer, 116
trapping in SMALPs, 260, 278
SecYEG/SecA complexes
ND-trapped, activation by lipids, 116
Sedimentation coefficient (s)
Svedberg equation, 412
Sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation
(SV-AUC) in the absence of a density gradient
principle, 412
Segrest, J., 120
Sensory rhodopsin II (pSRII)
NMR studies in detergent solution, 458, 460
SERCA1a, see Sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump
(SERCA1a)
Serotonin 5-HT 1A GPCR
destabilization by detergents, 76
Serotonin 5-HT 3 receptor, 39
Serotonin 5-HT 4(a) receptor, 287
APol-assisted folding, 340, 345
SERS, see Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
SGSV, see Sucrose gradient sedimentation velocity
(SGSV)
Shuman, H.A., 261
Signal recognition particle, 48
Signaling by MPs
various modes, 11
Simons, K., 66
Singer, S.J., 22
Single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), 337
Index
705
polymerization (RAFT), 219
Rhodobacter sphaeroides, 295
Rhodopsin
crystallization, 76
crystallographic structure, 86
integrated into NDs, stabilization, 112
ND-trapped, function as a monomer, 116
peptitergent-trapped, 120
prototype of class A GPCRs, 85
signal transduction, 47
stabilization by designer peptide surfactants, 123
Rhodopsin kinase
interaction with ND-trapped monomeric
rhodopsin, 116
Rhomboid protease
crystallization from bicelles, 104
Rieske iron-sulfur protein, 73, 78
stabilization by lipids, 29
RIPA, see Radioimmunoprecipitation assay
ROM1, 557
Rosenbusch, J.P., 506
Rotary motors, 11
Rotational correlation time (τ c ), 454
RRS, see Resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS)
Ryanodine receptor (RyR)
SP EM studies in A8-35, detergent, and mixtures, 572
S
s, see Sedimentation coefficient (s)
Sanders, C.R., 99, 308
SANS, see Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS)
SAPol particles
insensitivity to divalent cations, 419, 420
SAPols, see Sulfonated amphipols
Saposin A, 119
in complex with LDAO, 124
in complex with lipids, 124
cryoEM structure of PepT So2 /saposin A complex, 126
crystallographic structures, 123
overview, 123–127
use to trap MPs, 126
X-ray structure of saposin A/LDAO complexes, 124
Saposin A-trapped MPs
HIV-1 spike, 125
PepT So2 , 125
T2 mechanosensitive channel, 125
Sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump (SERCA1a),
10, 290
Ca
2+ binding sites, 46
comparative inhibitory and stabilizing effects
of various APols, 300
conformational state-specific binding of PE, 47, 48
coupling between TM and extramembrane
conformational transitions, 47
crystallization, 76
destabilization by detergents, 76
function, 44
functional cycle, 44–46
functional effects of APols, 296
inhibition by APols, 297
ligand binding after trapping with APols, 289
mechanism of inactivation by detergents, 302
overall structure, 44
rate of Ca
2+ release, 299
SEC analysis of SERCA1a/A8-35 complexes, 281
stability in various APols, 295
stabilization by A8-35, 300
stabilization by APols, 299
stabilization by Ca
2+ , 47
structure and function (overview), 44–47
TM topology, 14
transmembrane Ca
2+ -binding sites, 302
Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), 6, 10
SAXS, see Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)
Schiff base, 35
hydrolysis upon BR denaturation, 339
Schiff base between bacterio-opsin and retinal, 289
SDS, see Sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS)
SEC, see Size exclusion chromatography (SEC)
SecDFyajC, 260
Secondary transporters, 11
Secretase, γSP cryo-EM reconstruction in A8-35, 569, 571
SP cryo-EM reconstruction in digitonin, 571
SP cryo-EM reconstructions in A8-35 vs. digitonin,
556, 570
SecYEG
associated lipids in SMALPs, 277
ND-trapped, functionality as a monomer, 116
trapping in SMALPs, 260, 278
SecYEG/SecA complexes
ND-trapped, activation by lipids, 116
Sedimentation coefficient (s)
Svedberg equation, 412
Sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation
(SV-AUC) in the absence of a density gradient
principle, 412
Segrest, J., 120
Sensory rhodopsin II (pSRII)
NMR studies in detergent solution, 458, 460
SERCA1a, see Sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump
(SERCA1a)
Serotonin 5-HT 1A GPCR
destabilization by detergents, 76
Serotonin 5-HT 3 receptor, 39
Serotonin 5-HT 4(a) receptor, 287
APol-assisted folding, 340, 345
SERS, see Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)
SGSV, see Sucrose gradient sedimentation velocity
(SGSV)
Shuman, H.A., 261
Signal recognition particle, 48
Signaling by MPs
various modes, 11
Simons, K., 66
Singer, S.J., 22
Single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), 337
Index
705