Table 6.1 Folding of membrane proteins in amphipols.
MP
Structure Denaturant Amphipol Additives
Method
Yield
References
1
B R
a
7-α
b
SDS 5%
A8-35
(2-25 g/g) PM lipids, retinal
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 7, dialysis
Up to
87–92%
Pocanschi et al. (2006),
Bazzacco et al. (2012),
and Dahmane et al. (2013)
2
B R
7 - α
SDS 5%
A8-35
(5 or 10 g/g) Retinal, no lipids
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 7, dialysis
70–76% Dahmane et al. (2013)
3
B R
7 - α
SDS 5%
A8-35
(5 or 10 g/g) PM lipids, retinal
Dialysis at pH 7, no
NaCl
52–72%
Dahmane et al. (2013)
4
B R
7 - α
SDS 2.5%
A8-35
(5 or 10 g/g) PM lipids, retinal
Dialysis at pH 7, no
NaCl
62–80%
Dahmane et al. (2013)
5
B R
7 - α
SDS 5%
A8-35
(5 or 10 g/g) PM lipids, retinal
Dialysis at pH 7,
100 mM NaCl
~76%
Dahmane et al. (2013)
6
B R
7 - α
SDS 2.5%
A8-35
(5 or 10 g/g) PM lipids, retinal
Dialysis at pH 7,
100 mM NaCl
74–80%
Dahmane et al. (2013)
7
B R
7 - α
SDS 0.25%
A8-35
(10 g/g)
PM lipids, retinal
5× dilution at pH 7, no
NaCl
40–50% Dahmane et al. (2013)
8
B R
7 - α
SDS 0.25%
A8-35
(10 g/g)
PM lipids, retinal
5× dilution at pH 7,
100 mM NaCl
70–80% Dahmane et al. (2013)
9
B R
7 - α
TFE
c
A8-35
(5 or 10 g/g) Retinal, no lipids Dialysis at pH 7
≤ 40%
Dahmane et al. (2013)
10
BLT1
d
7-α
SDS 0.8%
None
Dahmane et al. (2009)
11
BLT1
7-α
SDS 0.8%
Dahmane et al. (2009)
12
BLT2
e
7-α
SDS 0.8%
A8-35
(5 g/g)
None
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 8, dialysis
~50%
Dahmane et al. (2009)
13
BLT2
7-α
SDS 0.8%
A8-35
(5 g/g)
Asolectin/A8-35
1:5 w/w
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 8, dialysis
~70%
Dahmane et al. (2009),
Catoire et al. (2010), and
Casiraghi et al. (2016)
14
CB1
e
7-α
SDS 0.8%
None
~30%
Dahmane et al. (2009)
15
CB1
7-α
SDS 0.8%
~40%
Dahmane et al. (2009)
16
5-HT4(a)
e
7-α
SDS 0.8%
None
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 8, dialysis
~30%
Dahmane et al. (2009)
17
5-HT4(a)
7-α
SDS 0.8%
Asolectin/A8-35
1:5 w/w
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 8, dialysis
~60%
Dahmane et al. (2009)
18
7-α
SDS 0.8%
~40%
Bazzacco et al. (2012)
19
FomA
f
14-β
g
10 M urea
None
~90%
Pocanschi et al. (2006)
20
OmpA
h
8-β
8 M urea
None
~100% Pocanschi et al. (2006)
21
tOmpA
h,i
8-β
8 M urea
None
~100% Dahmane etal. (2009)
22
OmpT
h
10-β
8 M urea
None
~100% Leney et al. (2012)
23
PagP
h
8-β
8 M urea
None
~ 40% j Leney et al. (2012)
24
GLUT4
k
12-α
Exposure to
pH10 in
LMNG
solution
A8-35
None
n.s.
n.s.
Kraft et al. (2015)
A8-35
(5 g/g)
A8-35
(5 g/g)
SAPol
(4 g/g)
A8-35
(8 g/g)
A8-35
(8.5 g/g)
NAPol
(10 g/g)
A8-35
(5 g/g)
A8-35
(5 g/g)
A8-35
(5 g/g)
A8-35
(5 g/g)
A8-35
(5 g/g)
A8-35
(1–20 g/g)
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 8, dialysis
Up to
~50%
Asolectin/A8-35
1:5 w/w
Asolectin/A8-35
1:5 w/w
Asolectin/NAPol
1:5 w/w, 0.2%
(w/v) cholesteryl
hemisuccinate
9× urea dilution at pH7
Dilution, then dialysis,
pH 8, 4 °C
Dilution, then dialysis,
pH 8, 4 °C
20× urea dilution at
pH 10
10× urea dilution at
pH 10
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 8, dialysis
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 8, dialysis
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 8, dialysis
DS precipitation with
KCl at pH 8, dialysis
65–70%
GHSR-1a
d
From Kleinschmidt and Popot (2014), with some updating
n.s. not specified
a From Halobacterium salinarum
b
7-α: bundle of seven transmembrane α-helices
c Observation certain but could not be duplicated
d
From Homo sapiens
e From Mus musculus
f
From Fusobacterium nucleatum
g
n-β: barrel of n observed or predicted transmembrane β-strands
h
From Escherichia coli
i
Transmembrane domain of OmpA
j
Misprinted 60% in the original paper
k
From Rattus norvegicus