Phosphatidic acids, 87
Phosphatidylcholine (PC), 85
Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), 85
Phosphatidylinositol (PI), 85
Phosphatidylserine (PS), 85, 87
Phospholipase, 90
Phospholipase C, 85
Phospholipids, 19, 22
Phosphorylation, 85
Photosynthetic bacteria, 8
Physical properties, 48, 85, 160, 161
Plus end, 119
Polarized light, 45
Polymerase chain reaction, 5
Positron, 54
Power stroke, 99
Promoter, 75
Proteases, 75
Protein kinase, 75
Protein kinase C, 85, 86
Proteins, 4, 19, 23
Protofilament, 117
Protrusive force, 57
Q
Quantum yield, 45
R
Rate constants, 73, 81
Rate of entropy production, 17
Reaction velocity, 74
Receptor, 25, 82, 84
Relaxation process, 43
Retrograde flow, 130
RhoA, Rac 1 and cdc42, 131
Ripple phase, 61
Rotational correlation time, 38, 46
Rotational diffusion, 82
S
Scanning electron microscope (SEM), 31
Scattering factor, 30
Seam, 117
Second messenger, 85
Signaling, 23, 83–85
Signaling system, 82
Signal peptidase, 78
Signal peptide, 77
Signal transduction, 24, 161
Single-molecule measurement, 101–102
Small GTPases, 131
Smolucowski equation, 81
SNARE, 88
Solar energy, 8
Spectrin, 122
Sphingolipids, 83
Spin labeling, 23, 34
Spin-lattice relaxation time, 43
Spin-pin exchange interaction, 40
Spin probe, 38, 76
Spin-spin relaxation time, 43
Stall force, 133, 151
Stationary state, 14, 75
Statistical independency, 16
Sterols, 19
Stress-induced gene expression, 160
Subdomains, 106
Substrate specificity, 72
Sulfur bacteria, 7, 8
Supernova explosion, 1
Surface pressures, 86
T
Talin, 125
Temperature acclimation, 82, 160, 161
Temperature dependency, 160
TEMPO parameter, 39
Tetrahymena, 161, 163
Thermal polymer, 4
Thermodynamics, 20
Transition state, 11
Transition state theory, 73
Transmission electron microscope (TEM), 31
Treadmilling, 115
Tropomyosin, 124
T-tensor, 36
Tubulin, 142–143
Tubulin dimers, 103
U
Unit lattice, 30
V
Viscosity, 38, 45, 46, 82, 162
Voltage clamp, 26
X
X-ray crystallography, 30, 72
X-ray diffraction, 23, 30, 59, 71, 77, 88, 90
Z
Zeeman energy, 35
170
Index