51. Colon I, Kwiatkowski GT (1990) High-molecular-weight aromatic polymers by nickel
coupling of aryl polychlorides. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 28:367–383
52. Yamamoto T, Osakada K, Wakabayashi T, Yamamoto A (1985) Nickel and palladium
catalyzed dehalogenating polycondensation of dihaloaromatic compounds with zinc. A new
route to poly(2,5-thienylene)s and poly(1,4-phenylene). Makromol Chem Rapid Commun
6:671–674
53. Yamamoto T, Morita A, Maruyama T, Zhou ZH, Kanbara T, Sanechika K (1990) New
method for the preparation of poly(2,5-thienylene), poly(p-phenylene), and related polymers.
Polym J 22:187–190
54. Kobayashi M, Chen J, Chung TC, Moraes F, Heeger AJ, Wudl F (1984) Synthesis and
properties of chemically coupled poly(thiophene). Synthetic Met 9:77–86
55. Hotz CZ, Kovacic P, Khoury IA (1983) Synthesis and properties of polythienylenes. J Polym
Sci Polym Chem Ed 21:2617–2628
56. Berlin A, Pagani GA, Sannicolo F (1986) New synthetic routes to electroconductive polymers containing thiophene units. J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1986(22):1663–1664
57. Yoshino K, Hayashi S, Sugimoto R (1984) Preparation and properties of conducting heterocyclic polymer films by chemical method. Jpn J Appl Phys 23:899–900
58. Kaneto K, Kohno Y, Yoshino K, Inuishi Y (1983) Electrochemical preparation of a metallic
polythiophene film. J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1983(7):382–383
59. Kaneto K, Yoshino K, Inuishi Y (1983) Electrical and optical properties of polythiophene
prepared by electrochemical polymerization. Solid State Commun 46:389–391
60. Amer A, Zimmer H, Mulligan KJ, Mark HB Jr, Pons S, McAleer JF (1984) Polymerization of
3-methyl-2,5-dibromothiophene utilizing n-butyl lithium and copper(II) chloride. J Polym
Sci Polym Lett Ed 22:77–82
61. Czerwinski A, Zimmer H, Chiem VP, Mark HB Jr (1985) The electrochemical deposition of
conducting poly(3-methyl-2,5-thienylene) films from aqueous media. J Electrochem Soc
132:2669–2672
62. Yamamoto T, Sanechika K (1982) Preparation and properties of π-conjugated poly(3-methyl2,5-thienylene). Chem Ind 301–302
63. Elsenbaumer RL, Jen KY, Oboodi R (1986) Processible and environmentally stable
conducting polymers. Synthetic Met 15:169–174
64. Jen KY, Miller GG, Elsenbaumer RL (1986) Highly conducting, soluble, and
environmentally-stable poly(3-alkylthiophenes). J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1986
(17):1346–1347
65. Jen KY, Oboodi R, Elsenbaumer RL (1985) Processible and environmentally stable
conducting polymers. Polym Mater Sci Eng 53:79–83
66. Sugimoto R, Takeda S, Gu HB, Yoshino K (1986) Preparation of soluble polythiophene
derivatives utilizing transition metal halides as catalysts and their property. Chem Express
1:635–638
67. Hotta S, Rughooputh SDDV, Heeger AJ, Wudl F (1987) Spectroscopic studies of soluble
poly(3-alkylthienylenes). Macromolecules 20:212–215
68. Sato M, Tanaka S, Kaeriyama K (1986) Soluble conducting polythiophenes. J Chem Soc
Chem Commun 1986(11):873–874
69. Adachi T, Brazard J, Ono RJ, Hanson B, Traub MC, Wu Z-Q, Li Z, Bolinger JC, Ganesan V,
Bielawski CW, Vanden Bout DA, Barbara PF (2011) Regioregularity and single
polythiophene chain conformation. J Phys Chem Lett 2:1400–1404
70. Brown PJ, Thomas DS, Kohler A, Wilson JS, Kim J-S, Ramsdale CM, Sirringhaus H, Friend
RH (2003) Effect of interchain interactions on the absorption and emission of poly(3-hexylthiophene). Phys Rev B Condens Matter Mater Phys 67:064203
71. Jiang X, Osterbacka R, Korovyanko O, An CP, Horovitz B, Janssen RAJ, Vardeny ZV (2002)
Spectroscopic studies of photoexcitations in regioregular and regiorandom polythiophene
films. Adv Funct Mater 12:587–597
30
P. Sista and C.K. Luscombe
coupling of aryl polychlorides. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 28:367–383
52. Yamamoto T, Osakada K, Wakabayashi T, Yamamoto A (1985) Nickel and palladium
catalyzed dehalogenating polycondensation of dihaloaromatic compounds with zinc. A new
route to poly(2,5-thienylene)s and poly(1,4-phenylene). Makromol Chem Rapid Commun
6:671–674
53. Yamamoto T, Morita A, Maruyama T, Zhou ZH, Kanbara T, Sanechika K (1990) New
method for the preparation of poly(2,5-thienylene), poly(p-phenylene), and related polymers.
Polym J 22:187–190
54. Kobayashi M, Chen J, Chung TC, Moraes F, Heeger AJ, Wudl F (1984) Synthesis and
properties of chemically coupled poly(thiophene). Synthetic Met 9:77–86
55. Hotz CZ, Kovacic P, Khoury IA (1983) Synthesis and properties of polythienylenes. J Polym
Sci Polym Chem Ed 21:2617–2628
56. Berlin A, Pagani GA, Sannicolo F (1986) New synthetic routes to electroconductive polymers containing thiophene units. J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1986(22):1663–1664
57. Yoshino K, Hayashi S, Sugimoto R (1984) Preparation and properties of conducting heterocyclic polymer films by chemical method. Jpn J Appl Phys 23:899–900
58. Kaneto K, Kohno Y, Yoshino K, Inuishi Y (1983) Electrochemical preparation of a metallic
polythiophene film. J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1983(7):382–383
59. Kaneto K, Yoshino K, Inuishi Y (1983) Electrical and optical properties of polythiophene
prepared by electrochemical polymerization. Solid State Commun 46:389–391
60. Amer A, Zimmer H, Mulligan KJ, Mark HB Jr, Pons S, McAleer JF (1984) Polymerization of
3-methyl-2,5-dibromothiophene utilizing n-butyl lithium and copper(II) chloride. J Polym
Sci Polym Lett Ed 22:77–82
61. Czerwinski A, Zimmer H, Chiem VP, Mark HB Jr (1985) The electrochemical deposition of
conducting poly(3-methyl-2,5-thienylene) films from aqueous media. J Electrochem Soc
132:2669–2672
62. Yamamoto T, Sanechika K (1982) Preparation and properties of π-conjugated poly(3-methyl2,5-thienylene). Chem Ind 301–302
63. Elsenbaumer RL, Jen KY, Oboodi R (1986) Processible and environmentally stable
conducting polymers. Synthetic Met 15:169–174
64. Jen KY, Miller GG, Elsenbaumer RL (1986) Highly conducting, soluble, and
environmentally-stable poly(3-alkylthiophenes). J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1986
(17):1346–1347
65. Jen KY, Oboodi R, Elsenbaumer RL (1985) Processible and environmentally stable
conducting polymers. Polym Mater Sci Eng 53:79–83
66. Sugimoto R, Takeda S, Gu HB, Yoshino K (1986) Preparation of soluble polythiophene
derivatives utilizing transition metal halides as catalysts and their property. Chem Express
1:635–638
67. Hotta S, Rughooputh SDDV, Heeger AJ, Wudl F (1987) Spectroscopic studies of soluble
poly(3-alkylthienylenes). Macromolecules 20:212–215
68. Sato M, Tanaka S, Kaeriyama K (1986) Soluble conducting polythiophenes. J Chem Soc
Chem Commun 1986(11):873–874
69. Adachi T, Brazard J, Ono RJ, Hanson B, Traub MC, Wu Z-Q, Li Z, Bolinger JC, Ganesan V,
Bielawski CW, Vanden Bout DA, Barbara PF (2011) Regioregularity and single
polythiophene chain conformation. J Phys Chem Lett 2:1400–1404
70. Brown PJ, Thomas DS, Kohler A, Wilson JS, Kim J-S, Ramsdale CM, Sirringhaus H, Friend
RH (2003) Effect of interchain interactions on the absorption and emission of poly(3-hexylthiophene). Phys Rev B Condens Matter Mater Phys 67:064203
71. Jiang X, Osterbacka R, Korovyanko O, An CP, Horovitz B, Janssen RAJ, Vardeny ZV (2002)
Spectroscopic studies of photoexcitations in regioregular and regiorandom polythiophene
films. Adv Funct Mater 12:587–597
30
P. Sista and C.K. Luscombe