12
G. Jha et al.
Additionally, LCA is also divided into various types based on applications. It
may be a process-based LCA, product-based LCA, and organizational LCA. The
fundamental discourses among these types are the boundaries and scope whereas the
methodology works the same.
7 LCA Methodology in Terms of Carbon Footprint
Assessment
In the previous sections, LCA is introduced in general. As of now, we are quite
aware of the working principle of LCA, methodology, conduct, and other parameters
involved in it. Let us now talk about how this LCA takes place for carbon footprint
assessment. In the upcoming sections, the detailed information on the stages of LCA
pertaining to the carbon footprint is presented.
Each product or process has an impact on the environment. That impact may or
may not be positive but that requires to be known as per the policies. In the case of
carbon footprint, the same is not the result of an individual activity but it is a collective
measure of human activities. These are some of the sectors that are contributing to
these emissions extensively [24, 37–46].
• Iron and steel and other metallurgical operations
• Aluminum and other nonmetals production
• Power generation
• Mining
• Construction
• Municipal waste
• Windmills
• Fertilizer industry
• Hydropower
• Hydrogen generation
• Textiles
• Vehicles and other personal appliances
• Fuels, oil, petroleum
• Chemicals and paint
• Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous is dedicated to the sectors which are not listed here but are major
contributors.
In the era of globalization, growth, race to become the economic superpower,
increasing population, and lavish lifestyle, each country is looking for its resources
to be utilized to maximize out of it. The necessity for expansion has been exhausting
the resources for a really long time. Also, with the increasing demands of the goods
and lifestyle has accelerated the production and other associated industries which
has parallelly put up critical concerns for the environment. Years of the negligence
G. Jha et al.
Additionally, LCA is also divided into various types based on applications. It
may be a process-based LCA, product-based LCA, and organizational LCA. The
fundamental discourses among these types are the boundaries and scope whereas the
methodology works the same.
7 LCA Methodology in Terms of Carbon Footprint
Assessment
In the previous sections, LCA is introduced in general. As of now, we are quite
aware of the working principle of LCA, methodology, conduct, and other parameters
involved in it. Let us now talk about how this LCA takes place for carbon footprint
assessment. In the upcoming sections, the detailed information on the stages of LCA
pertaining to the carbon footprint is presented.
Each product or process has an impact on the environment. That impact may or
may not be positive but that requires to be known as per the policies. In the case of
carbon footprint, the same is not the result of an individual activity but it is a collective
measure of human activities. These are some of the sectors that are contributing to
these emissions extensively [24, 37–46].
• Iron and steel and other metallurgical operations
• Aluminum and other nonmetals production
• Power generation
• Mining
• Construction
• Municipal waste
• Windmills
• Fertilizer industry
• Hydropower
• Hydrogen generation
• Textiles
• Vehicles and other personal appliances
• Fuels, oil, petroleum
• Chemicals and paint
• Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous is dedicated to the sectors which are not listed here but are major
contributors.
In the era of globalization, growth, race to become the economic superpower,
increasing population, and lavish lifestyle, each country is looking for its resources
to be utilized to maximize out of it. The necessity for expansion has been exhausting
the resources for a really long time. Also, with the increasing demands of the goods
and lifestyle has accelerated the production and other associated industries which
has parallelly put up critical concerns for the environment. Years of the negligence