Cryogels via UV Irradiation
Petar D. Petrov and Christo B. Tsvetanov
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
2 Cryogels from Water-Soluble High Molar Mass Polymers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
3 Cryogels from Water-Soluble Vinyl Monomers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
4 Temperature-Responsive Polymer Cryogels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
5 Nanocomposites Based on Polymer Cryogels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
6 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
7 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 220
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Abstract An effective and facile method for the synthesis of chemically
crosslinked supermacroporous polymer cryogels based on UV irradiation is
reviewed. The influence of key factors like the irradiation dose, temperature of
freezing, concentration of polymer or monomer precursor, molar mass of polymer
precursor, and the type and amount of the photoinitiator on crosslinking efficiency
is discussed. The versatility of the method for preparation of a large number of
biocompatible, biodegradable, and/or stimuli-responsive cryogels is demonstrated.
Examples include some specific properties of well-investigated polyacrylamide
(PAAm) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) cryogels obtained by
photocrosslinking as well as novel cryogels based on cellulose derivatives,
hydrophobically modified polyglycidol (PGL), and ethoxytriethyleneglycol acrylate (ETEGA). Part of this review is focused on the applicability of
supermacroporous cryogels as carriers of different species such as drugs, enzymes,
nanoparticles, and cells immobilized in either cryogel walls (polymer matrix) or
interconnected pores.
P.D. Petrov (*) • C.B. Tsvetanov
Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Str. 103 A, Sofia
1113, Bulgaria
e-mail: ppetrov@polymer.bas.bg
O. Okay (ed.), Polymeric Cryogels, Advances in Polymer Science 263,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-05846-7_5, © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
199
Petar D. Petrov and Christo B. Tsvetanov
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
2 Cryogels from Water-Soluble High Molar Mass Polymers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
3 Cryogels from Water-Soluble Vinyl Monomers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
4 Temperature-Responsive Polymer Cryogels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
5 Nanocomposites Based on Polymer Cryogels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
6 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
7 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 220
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Abstract An effective and facile method for the synthesis of chemically
crosslinked supermacroporous polymer cryogels based on UV irradiation is
reviewed. The influence of key factors like the irradiation dose, temperature of
freezing, concentration of polymer or monomer precursor, molar mass of polymer
precursor, and the type and amount of the photoinitiator on crosslinking efficiency
is discussed. The versatility of the method for preparation of a large number of
biocompatible, biodegradable, and/or stimuli-responsive cryogels is demonstrated.
Examples include some specific properties of well-investigated polyacrylamide
(PAAm) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) cryogels obtained by
photocrosslinking as well as novel cryogels based on cellulose derivatives,
hydrophobically modified polyglycidol (PGL), and ethoxytriethyleneglycol acrylate (ETEGA). Part of this review is focused on the applicability of
supermacroporous cryogels as carriers of different species such as drugs, enzymes,
nanoparticles, and cells immobilized in either cryogel walls (polymer matrix) or
interconnected pores.
P.D. Petrov (*) • C.B. Tsvetanov
Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev Str. 103 A, Sofia
1113, Bulgaria
e-mail: ppetrov@polymer.bas.bg
O. Okay (ed.), Polymeric Cryogels, Advances in Polymer Science 263,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-05846-7_5, © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
199