48. Kukharchik MM, Baramboim NK (1972) Change in the properties of aqueous solutions of poly
(vinyl alcohol) during cryolytic action. Vysokomol Soedin 14B:843
49. Yokoyama F, Masada I, Shimamura K, Ikawa T, Monobe K (1986) Morphology and structure
of highly elastic poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel prepared by repeated freezing-and-melting.
Colloid Polym Sci 264:595
50. Watase M, Nishinari K (1989) Effect of the degree of saponification on the rheological and
thermal properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) gels. Makromol Chem 190:155
51. Kobayashi M, Ando I, Ishii T, Amiya S (1995) Structural study of poly(vinyl alcohol) in the
gel state by high-resolution solid-state
13
C NMR spectroscopy. Macromolecules 28:6677
52. Kobayashi M, Ando I, Ishii T, Amiya S (1998) Structural and dynamical studies of poly(vinyl
alcohol) gels by high-resolution solid-state
13
C NMR spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 440:155
53. Kobayashi M, Kanekiyo M, Ando I (1998) A study of molecular motion of PVA/water system
by high-pressure
1
H pulse-NMR method. Polym Gels Netw 6:347
54. Kanekiyo M, Kobayashi M, Ando I, Kurosu H, Ishii T, Amiya S (1998) A structural and
dynamic study of poly(vinyl alcohol) in the gel state by solid-state
13
C NMR and
1
H pulse
NMR. J Mol Struct 447:49
55. Terao T, Maeda S, Saika A (1983) High-resolution solid-state carbon-13 NMR of poly(vinyl
alcohol): enhancement of tacticity splitting by intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Macromolecules 16:1535
56. Ricciardi R, Gaillet C, Ducouret G, Lafuma F, Laupre ˆtre F (2003) Investigation of the
relationships between the chain organization and rheological properties of atactic poly(vinyl
alcohol) hydrogels. Polymer 44:3375
57. Ricciardi R, Auriemma F, Gaillet C, De Rosa C, Laupre ˆtre F (2004) Investigation of the
crystallinity of freeze/thaw poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels by different techniques. Macromolecules 37:9510
58. Valentı ´n JL, Lo ´pez D, Herna ´ndez R, Mijangos C, Saalwa ¨chter K (2009) Structure of poly
(vinyl alcohol) cryo-hydrogels as studied by proton low-field NMR spectroscopy. Macromolecules 42:263
59. Fergg F, Keil FJ, Quader H (2001) Investigations of the microscopic structure of poly(vinyl
alcohol) hydrogels by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Colloid Polym Sci 279:61
60. Ricciardi R, Mangiapia G, Lo Celso F, Paduano L, Triolo R, Auriemma F, De Rosa C,
Laupre ˆtre F (2005) Structural organization of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels obtained by
freezing and thawing techniques: a SANS study. Chem Mater 17:1183
61. Willcox PJ, Howie DW Jr, Schimdt-Rohr K, Hoagland A, Gido SP, Pudjijanto S, Kleiner LW,
Venkatraman S (1999) Microstructure of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels produced by freeze/
thaw cycling. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 37:3438
62. Ricciardi R, D’Errico G, Auriemma F, Ducouret G, Tedeschi AM, De Rosa C, Laupre ˆtre F,
Lafuma F (2005) Short time dynamics of solvent molecules and supramolecular organization
of poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogels obtained by freeze/thaw techniques. Macromolecules
38:6629
63. Tedeschi A, Auriemma F, Ricciardi R, Mangiapia G, Trifuoggi M, Franco L, De Rosa C,
Heenan RK, Paduano L, D’Errico G (2006) A study of the microstructural and diffusion
properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogels containing surfactant supramolecular aggregates. J
Phys Chem B 110:23031
64. Hyon S-H, Ikada Y (1987) Porous and transparent poly(vinyl alcohol) gel and method of
manufacturing the same. US Patent 4663358
65. Hyon S-H, Cha W-I, Ikada Y, Kita M, Ogura Y, Honda Y (1994) Poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels
as soft contact lens material. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 5:397
66. Berghmans H, Stoks W (1986) Thermoreversible gelation of vinylpolymers. In: Kleintjens
LA, Lemstra PJ (eds) Integration of fundamental polymer science and technology. Springer,
London
67. Kanaya T, Ohkura M, Kaji H, Furusaka M, Misawa M (1994) Structure of poly(viny1 alcohol)
gels studied by wide- and small-angle neutron scattering. Macromolecules 27:5609
Kinetic Analysis of Cryotropic Gelation of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Water. . .
195
(vinyl alcohol) during cryolytic action. Vysokomol Soedin 14B:843
49. Yokoyama F, Masada I, Shimamura K, Ikawa T, Monobe K (1986) Morphology and structure
of highly elastic poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel prepared by repeated freezing-and-melting.
Colloid Polym Sci 264:595
50. Watase M, Nishinari K (1989) Effect of the degree of saponification on the rheological and
thermal properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) gels. Makromol Chem 190:155
51. Kobayashi M, Ando I, Ishii T, Amiya S (1995) Structural study of poly(vinyl alcohol) in the
gel state by high-resolution solid-state
13
C NMR spectroscopy. Macromolecules 28:6677
52. Kobayashi M, Ando I, Ishii T, Amiya S (1998) Structural and dynamical studies of poly(vinyl
alcohol) gels by high-resolution solid-state
13
C NMR spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 440:155
53. Kobayashi M, Kanekiyo M, Ando I (1998) A study of molecular motion of PVA/water system
by high-pressure
1
H pulse-NMR method. Polym Gels Netw 6:347
54. Kanekiyo M, Kobayashi M, Ando I, Kurosu H, Ishii T, Amiya S (1998) A structural and
dynamic study of poly(vinyl alcohol) in the gel state by solid-state
13
C NMR and
1
H pulse
NMR. J Mol Struct 447:49
55. Terao T, Maeda S, Saika A (1983) High-resolution solid-state carbon-13 NMR of poly(vinyl
alcohol): enhancement of tacticity splitting by intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Macromolecules 16:1535
56. Ricciardi R, Gaillet C, Ducouret G, Lafuma F, Laupre ˆtre F (2003) Investigation of the
relationships between the chain organization and rheological properties of atactic poly(vinyl
alcohol) hydrogels. Polymer 44:3375
57. Ricciardi R, Auriemma F, Gaillet C, De Rosa C, Laupre ˆtre F (2004) Investigation of the
crystallinity of freeze/thaw poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels by different techniques. Macromolecules 37:9510
58. Valentı ´n JL, Lo ´pez D, Herna ´ndez R, Mijangos C, Saalwa ¨chter K (2009) Structure of poly
(vinyl alcohol) cryo-hydrogels as studied by proton low-field NMR spectroscopy. Macromolecules 42:263
59. Fergg F, Keil FJ, Quader H (2001) Investigations of the microscopic structure of poly(vinyl
alcohol) hydrogels by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Colloid Polym Sci 279:61
60. Ricciardi R, Mangiapia G, Lo Celso F, Paduano L, Triolo R, Auriemma F, De Rosa C,
Laupre ˆtre F (2005) Structural organization of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels obtained by
freezing and thawing techniques: a SANS study. Chem Mater 17:1183
61. Willcox PJ, Howie DW Jr, Schimdt-Rohr K, Hoagland A, Gido SP, Pudjijanto S, Kleiner LW,
Venkatraman S (1999) Microstructure of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels produced by freeze/
thaw cycling. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 37:3438
62. Ricciardi R, D’Errico G, Auriemma F, Ducouret G, Tedeschi AM, De Rosa C, Laupre ˆtre F,
Lafuma F (2005) Short time dynamics of solvent molecules and supramolecular organization
of poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogels obtained by freeze/thaw techniques. Macromolecules
38:6629
63. Tedeschi A, Auriemma F, Ricciardi R, Mangiapia G, Trifuoggi M, Franco L, De Rosa C,
Heenan RK, Paduano L, D’Errico G (2006) A study of the microstructural and diffusion
properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogels containing surfactant supramolecular aggregates. J
Phys Chem B 110:23031
64. Hyon S-H, Ikada Y (1987) Porous and transparent poly(vinyl alcohol) gel and method of
manufacturing the same. US Patent 4663358
65. Hyon S-H, Cha W-I, Ikada Y, Kita M, Ogura Y, Honda Y (1994) Poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels
as soft contact lens material. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 5:397
66. Berghmans H, Stoks W (1986) Thermoreversible gelation of vinylpolymers. In: Kleintjens
LA, Lemstra PJ (eds) Integration of fundamental polymer science and technology. Springer,
London
67. Kanaya T, Ohkura M, Kaji H, Furusaka M, Misawa M (1994) Structure of poly(viny1 alcohol)
gels studied by wide- and small-angle neutron scattering. Macromolecules 27:5609
Kinetic Analysis of Cryotropic Gelation of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Water. . .
195