34. Babin J, Taton D, Brinkmann M, Lecommandoux S (2008) Synthesis and self-assembly in
bulk of linear and mikto-arm star block copolymers based on polystyrene and poly(glutamic
acid). Macromolecules 41:1384–1392
35. Kopecek J, Yang J (2009) Peptide-directed self-assembly of hydrogels. Acta Biomater
5:805–816
36. Hermes F, Otte K, Brandt J, Grawert M, Borner HG, Schlaad H (2011) Polypeptide-based
organogelators: effects of secondary structure. Macromolecules 44:7489–7492
37. Huang C-J, Chang F-C (2008) Polypeptide diblock copolymers: syntheses and properties of
poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-polylysine. Macromolecules 41:7041–7052
38. Gebhardt KE, Ahn S, Venkatachalam G, Savin DA (2008) Role of secondary structure
changes on the morphology of polypeptide-based block copolymer vesicles. J Colloid
Interface Sci 317:70–76
39. Robinson C (1956) Liquid-crystalline structures in solutions of a polypeptide. Trans Faraday
Soc 52:571–592
40. Uematsu I, Uematsu Y (1984) Polypeptide liquid crystals. Adv Polym Sci 59:37–73
41. Flory PJ, Leonard WJ (1965) Thermodynamic properties of solutions of helical polypeptides.
J Am Chem Soc 87:2102–2108
42. Tohyama K, Miller WG (1981) Network structure in gels of rod-like polypeptides. Nature
289:813–814
43. Cohen Y (1996) The microfibrillar network in gels of poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) in benzyl
alcohol. J Polym Sci, Part B: Polym Phys 34:57–64
44. Kim KT, Park C, Vandermeulen GWM, Rider DA, Kim C, Winnik MA, Manners I (2005)
Gelation of helical polypeptide-random coil diblock copolymers by a nanoribbon mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed 44:7964–7968
45. Rodriguez-Hernandez J, Lecommandoux S (2005) Reversible inside-out micellization of
pH-responsive and water-soluble vesicles based on polypeptide diblock copolymers. J Am
Chem Soc 127:2026–2027
46. Holowka EP, Pochan DJ, Deming TJ (2005) Charged polypeptide vesicles with controllable
diameter. J Am Chem Soc 127:12423–12428
47. Bellomo EG, Wyrsta MD, Pakstis L, Pochan DJ, Deming TJ (2004) Stimuli-responsive
polypeptide vesicles by conformation-specific assembly. Nat Mater 3:244–248
48. Kim KT, Park C, Kim C, Winnik MA, Manners I (2006) Self-assembly of dendron-helical
polypeptide copolymers: organogels and lyotropic liquid crystals. Chem Commun
1372–1374
49. Yu SM, Conticello VP, Zhang G, Kayser C, Fournier MJ, Mason TL, Tirrell DA (1997)
Smectic ordering in solutions and films of a rod-like polymer owing to monodispersity of
chain length. Nature 389:167–170
50. Schmidtke S, Russo P, Nakamatsu J, Buyuktanir E, Turfan B, Temyanko E, Negulescu I
(2000) Thermoreversible gelation of isotropic and liquid crystalline solutions of a “sticky”
rodlike polymer. Macromolecules 33:4427–4432
51. Ginzburg B, Siromyatnikova T, Frenkel S (1985) Gelation in the poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate)dimethylformamide system. Polym Bull (Berl) 13:139–144
52. Russo PS, Magestro P, Miller WG (1987) Gelation of poly(γ-benzyl-α,L-glutamate). In:
Russo PS (ed) Reversible polymeric gels and related systems. ACS symposium series, vol
350. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp 152–180
53. Kuo S-W, Lee H-F, Huang W-J, Jeong K-U, Chang F-C (2009) Solid state and solution selfassembly of helical polypeptides tethered to polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes.
Macromolecules 42:1619–1626
54. Kim EH, Joo MK, Bahk KH, Park MH, Chi B, Lee YM, Jeong B (2009) Reverse thermal
gelation of PAF-PLX-PAF block copolymer aqueous solution. Biomacromolecules
10:2476–2481
55. Li T, Lin J, Chen T, Zhang S (2006) Polymeric micelles formed by polypeptide graft
copolymer and its mixtures with polypeptide block copolymer. Polymer 47:4485–4489
Ordering of Polypeptides in Liquid Crystals, Gels and Micelles
195
bulk of linear and mikto-arm star block copolymers based on polystyrene and poly(glutamic
acid). Macromolecules 41:1384–1392
35. Kopecek J, Yang J (2009) Peptide-directed self-assembly of hydrogels. Acta Biomater
5:805–816
36. Hermes F, Otte K, Brandt J, Grawert M, Borner HG, Schlaad H (2011) Polypeptide-based
organogelators: effects of secondary structure. Macromolecules 44:7489–7492
37. Huang C-J, Chang F-C (2008) Polypeptide diblock copolymers: syntheses and properties of
poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-polylysine. Macromolecules 41:7041–7052
38. Gebhardt KE, Ahn S, Venkatachalam G, Savin DA (2008) Role of secondary structure
changes on the morphology of polypeptide-based block copolymer vesicles. J Colloid
Interface Sci 317:70–76
39. Robinson C (1956) Liquid-crystalline structures in solutions of a polypeptide. Trans Faraday
Soc 52:571–592
40. Uematsu I, Uematsu Y (1984) Polypeptide liquid crystals. Adv Polym Sci 59:37–73
41. Flory PJ, Leonard WJ (1965) Thermodynamic properties of solutions of helical polypeptides.
J Am Chem Soc 87:2102–2108
42. Tohyama K, Miller WG (1981) Network structure in gels of rod-like polypeptides. Nature
289:813–814
43. Cohen Y (1996) The microfibrillar network in gels of poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) in benzyl
alcohol. J Polym Sci, Part B: Polym Phys 34:57–64
44. Kim KT, Park C, Vandermeulen GWM, Rider DA, Kim C, Winnik MA, Manners I (2005)
Gelation of helical polypeptide-random coil diblock copolymers by a nanoribbon mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed 44:7964–7968
45. Rodriguez-Hernandez J, Lecommandoux S (2005) Reversible inside-out micellization of
pH-responsive and water-soluble vesicles based on polypeptide diblock copolymers. J Am
Chem Soc 127:2026–2027
46. Holowka EP, Pochan DJ, Deming TJ (2005) Charged polypeptide vesicles with controllable
diameter. J Am Chem Soc 127:12423–12428
47. Bellomo EG, Wyrsta MD, Pakstis L, Pochan DJ, Deming TJ (2004) Stimuli-responsive
polypeptide vesicles by conformation-specific assembly. Nat Mater 3:244–248
48. Kim KT, Park C, Kim C, Winnik MA, Manners I (2006) Self-assembly of dendron-helical
polypeptide copolymers: organogels and lyotropic liquid crystals. Chem Commun
1372–1374
49. Yu SM, Conticello VP, Zhang G, Kayser C, Fournier MJ, Mason TL, Tirrell DA (1997)
Smectic ordering in solutions and films of a rod-like polymer owing to monodispersity of
chain length. Nature 389:167–170
50. Schmidtke S, Russo P, Nakamatsu J, Buyuktanir E, Turfan B, Temyanko E, Negulescu I
(2000) Thermoreversible gelation of isotropic and liquid crystalline solutions of a “sticky”
rodlike polymer. Macromolecules 33:4427–4432
51. Ginzburg B, Siromyatnikova T, Frenkel S (1985) Gelation in the poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate)dimethylformamide system. Polym Bull (Berl) 13:139–144
52. Russo PS, Magestro P, Miller WG (1987) Gelation of poly(γ-benzyl-α,L-glutamate). In:
Russo PS (ed) Reversible polymeric gels and related systems. ACS symposium series, vol
350. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp 152–180
53. Kuo S-W, Lee H-F, Huang W-J, Jeong K-U, Chang F-C (2009) Solid state and solution selfassembly of helical polypeptides tethered to polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes.
Macromolecules 42:1619–1626
54. Kim EH, Joo MK, Bahk KH, Park MH, Chi B, Lee YM, Jeong B (2009) Reverse thermal
gelation of PAF-PLX-PAF block copolymer aqueous solution. Biomacromolecules
10:2476–2481
55. Li T, Lin J, Chen T, Zhang S (2006) Polymeric micelles formed by polypeptide graft
copolymer and its mixtures with polypeptide block copolymer. Polymer 47:4485–4489
Ordering of Polypeptides in Liquid Crystals, Gels and Micelles
195