3.4 Sampling Procedure and Preparation of Sample
49
3.4.2 Methods of Sample Analysis
All the relevant parameters except MLSS were measured as per Standard Methods
[5]. In case of MLSS, 50 mL of mixed liquor sample was taken out from the reactor
and the same was filtered. The filtrate retained in the filter paper was allowed to dry
in a hot air oven at 105º C until it attains a constant weight. Then, the filter paper was
put into a desiccator, and its final weight was taken. Thus, it is possible to calculate
the MLSS by subtracting the initial weight of the filter paper from its final weight.
To determine the COD of the soluble sample of the effluent, the effluent was passed
through the filter paper and the filtrate sample was taken for determining its COD by
closed reflux method [5].
Biomass density in the attached media was determined by washing the biofilm
surface with 25 mL 0.1 (N) NaOH and then heating the solution at 80 °C [1, 2].
Subsequently, by measuring the protein concentration in the washed out content as
per Lowry’s method [4], the amount of attached biomass was estimated. Biofilm
thickness was measured in scanning electron microscope.
3.5 Water Used in Experimental Study
Double distilled water was used in preparation of all chemical reagents needed for
carrying out the laboratory tests. Single distilled water is used for washing all necessary glass wares, test tubes and vials after acid washing followed by the washing
with tap water.
3.6 Chemicals and Glass Wares Used in Experimental
Study
All chemicals used for preparation of reagents are of “Analytical Grade” and
manufactured by E-Merck, Germany.
Conical flasks, measuring cylinders, beakers, funnels and other glass wares
including vials, test tubes, etc., were made of Borosilicate.
3.7 Instruments Used in Experimental Study
The instruments used for the determination of various analytical parameters are listed
in Table 3.1.
49
3.4.2 Methods of Sample Analysis
All the relevant parameters except MLSS were measured as per Standard Methods
[5]. In case of MLSS, 50 mL of mixed liquor sample was taken out from the reactor
and the same was filtered. The filtrate retained in the filter paper was allowed to dry
in a hot air oven at 105º C until it attains a constant weight. Then, the filter paper was
put into a desiccator, and its final weight was taken. Thus, it is possible to calculate
the MLSS by subtracting the initial weight of the filter paper from its final weight.
To determine the COD of the soluble sample of the effluent, the effluent was passed
through the filter paper and the filtrate sample was taken for determining its COD by
closed reflux method [5].
Biomass density in the attached media was determined by washing the biofilm
surface with 25 mL 0.1 (N) NaOH and then heating the solution at 80 °C [1, 2].
Subsequently, by measuring the protein concentration in the washed out content as
per Lowry’s method [4], the amount of attached biomass was estimated. Biofilm
thickness was measured in scanning electron microscope.
3.5 Water Used in Experimental Study
Double distilled water was used in preparation of all chemical reagents needed for
carrying out the laboratory tests. Single distilled water is used for washing all necessary glass wares, test tubes and vials after acid washing followed by the washing
with tap water.
3.6 Chemicals and Glass Wares Used in Experimental
Study
All chemicals used for preparation of reagents are of “Analytical Grade” and
manufactured by E-Merck, Germany.
Conical flasks, measuring cylinders, beakers, funnels and other glass wares
including vials, test tubes, etc., were made of Borosilicate.
3.7 Instruments Used in Experimental Study
The instruments used for the determination of various analytical parameters are listed
in Table 3.1.