88
S. Bhattacharya et al.
6 Recent Application: Micellization of Allicin in Tween 20
Allicin was self-micellized in the Tween 20 surfactant system to prevent the degradation. The stabilization achieved at around 2 × CMC of Tween 20 (500 mg/L)
concentration. The short-term stability of allicin was studied over a period of 7 days.
Allicin was extracted in aqueous solution as mentioned elsewhere (Bhattacharya
et al. 2019) and self-micellized in the presence of Tween 20 and stored in refrigerator and room temperature during the time of the study. A second sample of extracted
allicin was also stored without surfactant. The concentration of allicin in these stored
samples was checked using the 4-merceptopyridine method (Miron et al. 1998). The
extracted allicin kept in presence of tween 20 at 4 °C was found to be stable up
to 74.22% of the initial concentration after the test duration where only allicin was
found degraded completely.
7 Conclusion
Herbal medicines have been recognized for their better therapeutic value as they have
fewer adverse effects as compared with modern medicines. MDR and TDR microbes
are a leading cause of human mortality in the modern world. Aggressive last-resort
antibiotics are the only option in these situations and can be fatal for infants, elderly,
immune-compromised and terminal patients. The drugs of Ayurveda origin had
shown promising effectiveness upon various infectious diseases and can be commercialized in a better state with enhanced efficacy by incorporating in the modern engineered carrier system. Micelle-based carrier system has achieved massive consideration in the field of modern sustainable drug delivery process. Nonionic surfactants
(Tween 20) are often used in upstream and downstream processing of drug formulation. They increase the stability, solubility, blood circulation, retention, bioavailability, intestinal absorption, and percutaneous absorption of phytomedicines. In this
present investigation, the phytopharmaceutical allicin was self-micellized by tween
80 above its CMC concentration, and after 7 days, a significantly enhanced amount
of allicin (74.22%) was found stable than raw allicin. Application of this stabilization
method can be used during plant-based bioprocessing for production and commercialization of similar phytopharmaceuticals such as flavonoids, phenols, quinones,
alkaloids, etc. This nontoxic, less expensive carrier system will fulfill the consumer
demands and compliance with herbal drugs.
Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the fellowship (SRF) provided by CSIR, India [file
no. 09/096(0879)/2017-EMR-I], and GATE scholarship by AICTE, India.
Conflict of Interest None
S. Bhattacharya et al.
6 Recent Application: Micellization of Allicin in Tween 20
Allicin was self-micellized in the Tween 20 surfactant system to prevent the degradation. The stabilization achieved at around 2 × CMC of Tween 20 (500 mg/L)
concentration. The short-term stability of allicin was studied over a period of 7 days.
Allicin was extracted in aqueous solution as mentioned elsewhere (Bhattacharya
et al. 2019) and self-micellized in the presence of Tween 20 and stored in refrigerator and room temperature during the time of the study. A second sample of extracted
allicin was also stored without surfactant. The concentration of allicin in these stored
samples was checked using the 4-merceptopyridine method (Miron et al. 1998). The
extracted allicin kept in presence of tween 20 at 4 °C was found to be stable up
to 74.22% of the initial concentration after the test duration where only allicin was
found degraded completely.
7 Conclusion
Herbal medicines have been recognized for their better therapeutic value as they have
fewer adverse effects as compared with modern medicines. MDR and TDR microbes
are a leading cause of human mortality in the modern world. Aggressive last-resort
antibiotics are the only option in these situations and can be fatal for infants, elderly,
immune-compromised and terminal patients. The drugs of Ayurveda origin had
shown promising effectiveness upon various infectious diseases and can be commercialized in a better state with enhanced efficacy by incorporating in the modern engineered carrier system. Micelle-based carrier system has achieved massive consideration in the field of modern sustainable drug delivery process. Nonionic surfactants
(Tween 20) are often used in upstream and downstream processing of drug formulation. They increase the stability, solubility, blood circulation, retention, bioavailability, intestinal absorption, and percutaneous absorption of phytomedicines. In this
present investigation, the phytopharmaceutical allicin was self-micellized by tween
80 above its CMC concentration, and after 7 days, a significantly enhanced amount
of allicin (74.22%) was found stable than raw allicin. Application of this stabilization
method can be used during plant-based bioprocessing for production and commercialization of similar phytopharmaceuticals such as flavonoids, phenols, quinones,
alkaloids, etc. This nontoxic, less expensive carrier system will fulfill the consumer
demands and compliance with herbal drugs.
Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the fellowship (SRF) provided by CSIR, India [file
no. 09/096(0879)/2017-EMR-I], and GATE scholarship by AICTE, India.
Conflict of Interest None