Synergistic Effect of Quercetin
with Allicin from the Ethanolic Extract
of Allium cepa as a Potent AntiQuorum
Sensing and Anti-Biofilm Agent Against
Oral Biofilm
Dibyajit Lahiri, Moupriya Nag, Bandita Dutta, Sudipta Dash,
Shreyasi Ghosh, and Rina Rani Ray
Abstract The organism predominantly obtained from the oral biofilm was identified as Bacillus cereus which was observed to one of the root causes of pharyngeal infections. It was found that when the biofilm was treated with 16 * MIC
(2.24 ± 0.12 µg/mL) there was an eradication of 62.78 ± 1.26% when treated with
the ethanolic extract of Allium cepa as compared to 41.12 ± 0.98% when treated with
antibiotic azithromycin. The in silico studies of identified bioactive compounds from
the extracts depicting the synergism of the above two phytocompounds on the target
biofilm-forming protein. The binding energy of synergistic interaction was found to
be −33.521 kcal/mol, whereas antibiotic showed a value of −27.568 kcal/mol which
in turn implied that through synergism a better antibiofilm activity could be obtained
on B. cereus. It was observed that the viability of bacterial cells showed a marked
reduction of 9.3% when challenged with 16 * MIC of ethanolic extract of A. cepa for
a time period of 0–48 h with respect to control and standard antibiotic Azithromycin.
The quantification of individual components of extracellular carbohydrates, proteins
and nucleic acids showed maximum reduction in presence of ethanolic extract of
A. cepa. Comparative quantification of the total concentration of bacterial genomic
D. Lahiri and M. Nag: Both the authors has equal contributions
D. Lahiri · M. Nag · S. Dash · S. Ghosh
Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
e-mail: dibyajit.lahiri@uem.edu.in
M. Nag
e-mail: moupriya.nag@uem.edu.in
S. Ghosh
e-mail: shreyasighosh1807@gmail.com
B. Dutta · R. R. Ray (B)
Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Haringhata,
West Bengal, India
e-mail: raypumicro@gmail.com
B. Dutta
e-mail: bandita2611@gmail.com
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
D. Ramkrishna et al. (eds.), Advances in Bioprocess Engineering and Technology,
Lecture Notes in Bioengineering,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7409-2_7
69
with Allicin from the Ethanolic Extract
of Allium cepa as a Potent AntiQuorum
Sensing and Anti-Biofilm Agent Against
Oral Biofilm
Dibyajit Lahiri, Moupriya Nag, Bandita Dutta, Sudipta Dash,
Shreyasi Ghosh, and Rina Rani Ray
Abstract The organism predominantly obtained from the oral biofilm was identified as Bacillus cereus which was observed to one of the root causes of pharyngeal infections. It was found that when the biofilm was treated with 16 * MIC
(2.24 ± 0.12 µg/mL) there was an eradication of 62.78 ± 1.26% when treated with
the ethanolic extract of Allium cepa as compared to 41.12 ± 0.98% when treated with
antibiotic azithromycin. The in silico studies of identified bioactive compounds from
the extracts depicting the synergism of the above two phytocompounds on the target
biofilm-forming protein. The binding energy of synergistic interaction was found to
be −33.521 kcal/mol, whereas antibiotic showed a value of −27.568 kcal/mol which
in turn implied that through synergism a better antibiofilm activity could be obtained
on B. cereus. It was observed that the viability of bacterial cells showed a marked
reduction of 9.3% when challenged with 16 * MIC of ethanolic extract of A. cepa for
a time period of 0–48 h with respect to control and standard antibiotic Azithromycin.
The quantification of individual components of extracellular carbohydrates, proteins
and nucleic acids showed maximum reduction in presence of ethanolic extract of
A. cepa. Comparative quantification of the total concentration of bacterial genomic
D. Lahiri and M. Nag: Both the authors has equal contributions
D. Lahiri · M. Nag · S. Dash · S. Ghosh
Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
e-mail: dibyajit.lahiri@uem.edu.in
M. Nag
e-mail: moupriya.nag@uem.edu.in
S. Ghosh
e-mail: shreyasighosh1807@gmail.com
B. Dutta · R. R. Ray (B)
Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Haringhata,
West Bengal, India
e-mail: raypumicro@gmail.com
B. Dutta
e-mail: bandita2611@gmail.com
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
D. Ramkrishna et al. (eds.), Advances in Bioprocess Engineering and Technology,
Lecture Notes in Bioengineering,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7409-2_7
69