dry biomass concentration (Fig. 9a) increase steadily over the entire process time.
The ethanol concentration never exceeded 20 g L
À1 .
It took about 2 weeks to develop the OLFO control for the cultivation of
S. cerevisiae on the Digital Twin (simulations, controller adaptations). Real cultivation of 48 h in an STR, including preparation and evaluation, is expected to take
Fig. 8 Sixth OLFO controlled cultivation of S. cerevisiae on the Digital Twin “SSF-BCSimulator”
Fig. 9 OLFO controlled S. cerevisiae cultivation in a 20 L STR (Biostat C, B. Braun)
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