IDS usage control. This approach is independent of RIOTANA
® ; it can be used to
convert any proprietary DT into a standard (AAS) sovereign (IDS) sharable DT by
providing an IDS-AAS wrapper. This also holds for proprietary DTs of production
processes and their parts and products. The use of established concepts and
approaches for interoperability and data security is, therefore, the basis for the design
of shared DTs.
8 Summary and Outlook
In I4.0, new types of cooperation have replaced rigid value chains. The boundaries
between country, industry, and company are being blurred. Plants, machines, and
products communicate autonomously in digital, globally connected networks.
Therefore, dynamic and self-optimizing ecosystems will emerge, which comprise
several decentralized stakeholders. In digital ecosystems, all relevant physical assets
must be integrated into the I4.0 environments to interact with each other. Everything
is mapped digitally and uniformly, ensuring transparency along the entire value
chain. Moreover, there are no instances of central control, but several decentralized
combined “building blocks.” In an open ecosystem, no stakeholder may assume a
monopolistic position. The core elements are DTs. There are various solutions:
exemplary platforms provide extensive solutions for integrating asset data into
DTs, ranging from hardware to software, but the solution is proprietary. On the
other hand, standardization approaches, such as the AAS, a key concept of the
German PI4.0, exist. It, however, does not provide or standardize any means to
connect the asset to the AAS and hence any mechanism can be used.
DTs and DTMS generate voluminous amounts of valuable data accessible and
processable, which enable several novel applications. The concept of DTs helps
determine the current state of a product along the entire product life cycle. Therefore,
the design of the DT must provide the communication between the DTs and with
complex architecture (e.g., management, administration, and planning services).
Individual machines or entire production lines are also represented by distinct DTs
(e.g., in the form of an AAS). However, the abundance of data often requires a strict
definition of system boundaries or requires data usage control in the global digital
ecosystem.
In bioprocesses and related industries, DTs enable a full digitalization with all
associated concepts and tools. Not only complete monitoring of the whole value
chain becomes possible but also tracking and tracing of the individual steps/units.
Bioprocess unit operations are concludable in distinct DTs, which allows optimization, automated process monitoring as well as intelligent control and process state
prediction (e.g., early-warning system). In the future, even automated process as well
as product validation are feasible with the support of a comprehensive DTMS.
Especially, the resulting increased density of information related to the individual
assignments to DTs offers the company new possibilities for product and process
monitoring, to increase the scope of networking, and for integrating measuring
160
R. Werner et al.
® ; it can be used to
convert any proprietary DT into a standard (AAS) sovereign (IDS) sharable DT by
providing an IDS-AAS wrapper. This also holds for proprietary DTs of production
processes and their parts and products. The use of established concepts and
approaches for interoperability and data security is, therefore, the basis for the design
of shared DTs.
8 Summary and Outlook
In I4.0, new types of cooperation have replaced rigid value chains. The boundaries
between country, industry, and company are being blurred. Plants, machines, and
products communicate autonomously in digital, globally connected networks.
Therefore, dynamic and self-optimizing ecosystems will emerge, which comprise
several decentralized stakeholders. In digital ecosystems, all relevant physical assets
must be integrated into the I4.0 environments to interact with each other. Everything
is mapped digitally and uniformly, ensuring transparency along the entire value
chain. Moreover, there are no instances of central control, but several decentralized
combined “building blocks.” In an open ecosystem, no stakeholder may assume a
monopolistic position. The core elements are DTs. There are various solutions:
exemplary platforms provide extensive solutions for integrating asset data into
DTs, ranging from hardware to software, but the solution is proprietary. On the
other hand, standardization approaches, such as the AAS, a key concept of the
German PI4.0, exist. It, however, does not provide or standardize any means to
connect the asset to the AAS and hence any mechanism can be used.
DTs and DTMS generate voluminous amounts of valuable data accessible and
processable, which enable several novel applications. The concept of DTs helps
determine the current state of a product along the entire product life cycle. Therefore,
the design of the DT must provide the communication between the DTs and with
complex architecture (e.g., management, administration, and planning services).
Individual machines or entire production lines are also represented by distinct DTs
(e.g., in the form of an AAS). However, the abundance of data often requires a strict
definition of system boundaries or requires data usage control in the global digital
ecosystem.
In bioprocesses and related industries, DTs enable a full digitalization with all
associated concepts and tools. Not only complete monitoring of the whole value
chain becomes possible but also tracking and tracing of the individual steps/units.
Bioprocess unit operations are concludable in distinct DTs, which allows optimization, automated process monitoring as well as intelligent control and process state
prediction (e.g., early-warning system). In the future, even automated process as well
as product validation are feasible with the support of a comprehensive DTMS.
Especially, the resulting increased density of information related to the individual
assignments to DTs offers the company new possibilities for product and process
monitoring, to increase the scope of networking, and for integrating measuring
160
R. Werner et al.