132
D. Mihajlov et al.
1 Introduction
Water pumping station represents the facility that extract water from the lower to
higher level. In the water supply systems, the main purpose of this facility is the
transport of the freshwater from the source wells or rivers, or to create water pressure for filling the water tanks. Depending on the capacity, the facility where water
pumps are installed has a technical room in which machines are placed (pumps, electromotors, internal combustion diesel engines, compressors, and cranes) and supports
rooms (workshops, boiler rooms, ventilation chambers, transformer rooms, sanitary
facilities, resting areas, etc.). In the pumping stations what moves liquid from lower
to higher depths, a horizontal single-step centrifugal pumps are often used, while
vertical multi-step pumps are needed when extraction water from the higher depths
[1].
Pumping stations that are parts of the water supply system are often located in the
vicinity of the residential areas, due to the supply demands, terrain configuration, and
technical reasons. Even though, traffic noise is considered as highest noise polluter,
if this kind of facility is installed in the residential area, it significantly affects the
quality of life. Despite the traffic noise, where noise level depends of the traffic
frequency during the different parts of the day, some industrial facilities, such as
described water pumping stations, emit the constant amount of noise often during
the entire day (24 h period). The noise spectra of such facilities can in many cases
have a tonal component that significantly adds to the noise disturbance. Having in
mind the construction and operation of the rotational machines (turbo machines),
tonal components in frequency spectrum of the pumping engines are natural and
expected, and thus, it will for certain influence the environment.
Under the assumption that number of machinery and operational regimes are
defined, the amount of transmitted noise is influenced by the construction and condition of the building facility where water pumps are installed. Problem of the noise
control in the vicinity of the pumping station is related to the following steps.
1. Estimation of the existing noise condition in the water pumping technical room,
with analysis of the operation regimes and working loads of different pump
engines;
2. Estimation of the existing noise condition at the border of the industrial complex
and the neighboring acoustical zone. This is determined by measuring the
environmental noise level according to the standard [2, 3] and comparing the
measurement results with the following step;
3. Calculation of the relevant (authoritative) equivalent noise level at the border of
the industrial complex and adjacent acoustical zone, and comparison of with the
limit values of the adjacent acoustical zone [4];
4. Technical idea solution for environmental noise reduction generated by pumping
engines in the water pumping station, taking into concern the amount of noise
that is above the acoustical zone limits, as well as noise limits related to the safe
working conditions inside the facility.
D. Mihajlov et al.
1 Introduction
Water pumping station represents the facility that extract water from the lower to
higher level. In the water supply systems, the main purpose of this facility is the
transport of the freshwater from the source wells or rivers, or to create water pressure for filling the water tanks. Depending on the capacity, the facility where water
pumps are installed has a technical room in which machines are placed (pumps, electromotors, internal combustion diesel engines, compressors, and cranes) and supports
rooms (workshops, boiler rooms, ventilation chambers, transformer rooms, sanitary
facilities, resting areas, etc.). In the pumping stations what moves liquid from lower
to higher depths, a horizontal single-step centrifugal pumps are often used, while
vertical multi-step pumps are needed when extraction water from the higher depths
[1].
Pumping stations that are parts of the water supply system are often located in the
vicinity of the residential areas, due to the supply demands, terrain configuration, and
technical reasons. Even though, traffic noise is considered as highest noise polluter,
if this kind of facility is installed in the residential area, it significantly affects the
quality of life. Despite the traffic noise, where noise level depends of the traffic
frequency during the different parts of the day, some industrial facilities, such as
described water pumping stations, emit the constant amount of noise often during
the entire day (24 h period). The noise spectra of such facilities can in many cases
have a tonal component that significantly adds to the noise disturbance. Having in
mind the construction and operation of the rotational machines (turbo machines),
tonal components in frequency spectrum of the pumping engines are natural and
expected, and thus, it will for certain influence the environment.
Under the assumption that number of machinery and operational regimes are
defined, the amount of transmitted noise is influenced by the construction and condition of the building facility where water pumps are installed. Problem of the noise
control in the vicinity of the pumping station is related to the following steps.
1. Estimation of the existing noise condition in the water pumping technical room,
with analysis of the operation regimes and working loads of different pump
engines;
2. Estimation of the existing noise condition at the border of the industrial complex
and the neighboring acoustical zone. This is determined by measuring the
environmental noise level according to the standard [2, 3] and comparing the
measurement results with the following step;
3. Calculation of the relevant (authoritative) equivalent noise level at the border of
the industrial complex and adjacent acoustical zone, and comparison of with the
limit values of the adjacent acoustical zone [4];
4. Technical idea solution for environmental noise reduction generated by pumping
engines in the water pumping station, taking into concern the amount of noise
that is above the acoustical zone limits, as well as noise limits related to the safe
working conditions inside the facility.