248
N. N. Win and H. Morita
480. Choi HG, Choi YH, Kim JH, Kim HH, Kim SH, Kim JA, Lee SM, Na MK, Lee SH (2014) A
new neolignan and lignans from the stems of Lindera obtusiloba Blume and their anti-allergic
inflammatory effects. Arch Pharm Res 37:467
481. Tsukamoto H, Hisada S, Nishibe S (1985) Lignans from the bark of the Olea plants II. Chem
Pharm Bull 33:1232
482. Woo SY, Hoshino S, Wong CP, Win NN, Awouafack MD, Prema Ngwe H, Zhang H, Hayashi
F, Abe I, Morita H (2019) Lignans with melanogenesis effects from Premna serratifolia wood.
Fitoterapia 133:35
483. Woo SY, Wong CP, Win NN, Hoshino S, Prema Ngwe H, Abe I, Morita H (2019) A new
tetrahydrofuran type lignan from Premna serratifolia wood. Nat Prod Commun 14:113
484. Endres D, Lausberg V, Signore GD, Berner OM (2002) A general approach to the asymmetric synthesis of lignans: (−)-methylpiperitol, (−)-sesamin, (−)-aschantin, (+)-yatein, (+)
dihydroclusin, (+)-burseran, and (−)-isostegane. Synthesis 4:515
485. Lin RW, Tsai IL, Duh CY, Lee KH, Cehn IS (2004) New lignans and cytotoxic constituents
from Wikstroemia lanceolata. Planta Med 70:234
486. Marchand PA, Kato MJ, Lewis NG (1997) (+)-Episesaminone, a Sesamum indicum furofuran
lignan. Isolation and hemisynthesis. J Nat Prod 60:1189
487. Fatope MO, Salihu L, Asante SK, Takeda Y (2002) Larvicidal activity of extracts and
triterpenoids from Lantana camara. Pharm Biol 40:564
488. Wen X, Sun H, Liu J, Cheng K, Zhang P, Zhang L, Hao J, Zhang L, Ni P, Zographos SE,
Leonidas DD, Alexacou KM, Gimisis T, Hayes JM, Oikonomakos NG (2008) Naturally
occurring pentacyclic triterpenes as inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase: synthesis, structureactivity relationships, and X-ray crystallographic studies. J Med Chem 51:3540
489. Huang D, Ding Y, Li Y, Zhang W, Fang W, Chen X (2006) Anti-tumor activity of a 3-oxo
derivative of oleanolic acid. Cancer Lett 233:289
490. Woo SY (2019) Melanogenesis regulatory constituents from Premna serratifolia, Jatropha
multifida and Clathria prolifera collected in Myanmar. PhD Thesis, University of Toyama
491. The Plant List. www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2549267, 2018. Accessed 14 Feb
2018
492. Kress WJ, DeFilipps RA, Farr E, Kyi YY (2003) A checklist of the trees, shrubs, herbs, and
climbers of Myanmar. United States National Herbarium, Washington, DC 45:371
493. Lwin T (1982) A manual of traditional medicine practitioners (Myanmar version), 3 rd Ed.
Phoeyarzar Publishing House, Yangon, pp 41, 52, 71, 91, 92
494. Joy KL, Rajeshkumar NV, Kuttan G, Kuttan R (2000) Effect of Picrorrhiza kurroa extract on
transplanted tumors and chemical carcinogenesis in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 71:261
495. Dhawan BN (1995) Picroliv–a new hepatoprotective agent from an Indian medicinal plant.
Picrorrhiza kurroa. Med Chem Res 5:595
496. Engels F, Renirie BF, Hart BA, Labadie RP, Nijkamp FP (1992) Effects of apocynin, a drug
isolated from the roots of Picrorhiza kurroa, on arachidonic acid metabolism. FEBS Lett
305:254
497. Dorsch W, Stuppner H, Wagner H, Gropp M, Demoulin S, Ring J (1991) Antiasthmatic effects
of Picrorhiza kurroa: androsin prevents allergen- and PAF-induced bronchial obstruction in
guinea pigs. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 95:128
498. Puri A, Saxena RP, Sumati Guru PY, Kulshreshtha DK, Saxena KC, Dhawan BN (1992)
Immunostimulant activity of Picroliv, the iridoid glycoside fraction of Picrorhiza kurroa, and
its protective action against Leishmania donovani infection in hamsters. Planta Med 58:528
499. Chander R, Kapoor NK, Dhawan BN (1992) Picroliv, picroside-I and kutkoside from
Picrorhiza kurroa are scavengers of superoxide anions. Biochem Pharmacol 44:180
500. Mehrotra R, Rawat S, Kulshreshltha D (1990) In vitro studies on the effect of certain natural
products against hepatitis B virus. Indian J Med Res 92:133
501. Gupta PP (2001) Picroliv: hepatoprotective immunomodulator. Drugs Fut 26:25
502. Basu K, Dasgupta B, Bhattacharya SK, Debnath PK (1971) Chemistry and pharmacology of
apocynin, isolated from Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. Curr Sci 40:603
503. Stuppner H, Wagner H (1989) New cucurbitacin glycosides from Picrorhiza kurroa. Planta
Med 55:559
N. N. Win and H. Morita
480. Choi HG, Choi YH, Kim JH, Kim HH, Kim SH, Kim JA, Lee SM, Na MK, Lee SH (2014) A
new neolignan and lignans from the stems of Lindera obtusiloba Blume and their anti-allergic
inflammatory effects. Arch Pharm Res 37:467
481. Tsukamoto H, Hisada S, Nishibe S (1985) Lignans from the bark of the Olea plants II. Chem
Pharm Bull 33:1232
482. Woo SY, Hoshino S, Wong CP, Win NN, Awouafack MD, Prema Ngwe H, Zhang H, Hayashi
F, Abe I, Morita H (2019) Lignans with melanogenesis effects from Premna serratifolia wood.
Fitoterapia 133:35
483. Woo SY, Wong CP, Win NN, Hoshino S, Prema Ngwe H, Abe I, Morita H (2019) A new
tetrahydrofuran type lignan from Premna serratifolia wood. Nat Prod Commun 14:113
484. Endres D, Lausberg V, Signore GD, Berner OM (2002) A general approach to the asymmetric synthesis of lignans: (−)-methylpiperitol, (−)-sesamin, (−)-aschantin, (+)-yatein, (+)
dihydroclusin, (+)-burseran, and (−)-isostegane. Synthesis 4:515
485. Lin RW, Tsai IL, Duh CY, Lee KH, Cehn IS (2004) New lignans and cytotoxic constituents
from Wikstroemia lanceolata. Planta Med 70:234
486. Marchand PA, Kato MJ, Lewis NG (1997) (+)-Episesaminone, a Sesamum indicum furofuran
lignan. Isolation and hemisynthesis. J Nat Prod 60:1189
487. Fatope MO, Salihu L, Asante SK, Takeda Y (2002) Larvicidal activity of extracts and
triterpenoids from Lantana camara. Pharm Biol 40:564
488. Wen X, Sun H, Liu J, Cheng K, Zhang P, Zhang L, Hao J, Zhang L, Ni P, Zographos SE,
Leonidas DD, Alexacou KM, Gimisis T, Hayes JM, Oikonomakos NG (2008) Naturally
occurring pentacyclic triterpenes as inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase: synthesis, structureactivity relationships, and X-ray crystallographic studies. J Med Chem 51:3540
489. Huang D, Ding Y, Li Y, Zhang W, Fang W, Chen X (2006) Anti-tumor activity of a 3-oxo
derivative of oleanolic acid. Cancer Lett 233:289
490. Woo SY (2019) Melanogenesis regulatory constituents from Premna serratifolia, Jatropha
multifida and Clathria prolifera collected in Myanmar. PhD Thesis, University of Toyama
491. The Plant List. www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2549267, 2018. Accessed 14 Feb
2018
492. Kress WJ, DeFilipps RA, Farr E, Kyi YY (2003) A checklist of the trees, shrubs, herbs, and
climbers of Myanmar. United States National Herbarium, Washington, DC 45:371
493. Lwin T (1982) A manual of traditional medicine practitioners (Myanmar version), 3 rd Ed.
Phoeyarzar Publishing House, Yangon, pp 41, 52, 71, 91, 92
494. Joy KL, Rajeshkumar NV, Kuttan G, Kuttan R (2000) Effect of Picrorrhiza kurroa extract on
transplanted tumors and chemical carcinogenesis in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 71:261
495. Dhawan BN (1995) Picroliv–a new hepatoprotective agent from an Indian medicinal plant.
Picrorrhiza kurroa. Med Chem Res 5:595
496. Engels F, Renirie BF, Hart BA, Labadie RP, Nijkamp FP (1992) Effects of apocynin, a drug
isolated from the roots of Picrorhiza kurroa, on arachidonic acid metabolism. FEBS Lett
305:254
497. Dorsch W, Stuppner H, Wagner H, Gropp M, Demoulin S, Ring J (1991) Antiasthmatic effects
of Picrorhiza kurroa: androsin prevents allergen- and PAF-induced bronchial obstruction in
guinea pigs. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 95:128
498. Puri A, Saxena RP, Sumati Guru PY, Kulshreshtha DK, Saxena KC, Dhawan BN (1992)
Immunostimulant activity of Picroliv, the iridoid glycoside fraction of Picrorhiza kurroa, and
its protective action against Leishmania donovani infection in hamsters. Planta Med 58:528
499. Chander R, Kapoor NK, Dhawan BN (1992) Picroliv, picroside-I and kutkoside from
Picrorhiza kurroa are scavengers of superoxide anions. Biochem Pharmacol 44:180
500. Mehrotra R, Rawat S, Kulshreshltha D (1990) In vitro studies on the effect of certain natural
products against hepatitis B virus. Indian J Med Res 92:133
501. Gupta PP (2001) Picroliv: hepatoprotective immunomodulator. Drugs Fut 26:25
502. Basu K, Dasgupta B, Bhattacharya SK, Debnath PK (1971) Chemistry and pharmacology of
apocynin, isolated from Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. Curr Sci 40:603
503. Stuppner H, Wagner H (1989) New cucurbitacin glycosides from Picrorhiza kurroa. Planta
Med 55:559