IPM, 389, 390, 409
management, 390
microorganisms, 395
organic pesticides, 396
pest control, 388, 394, 405
pesticide-based control, 408
pesticides, 393
resistance, 405
use of poisons, 404
and vectors, 389
See also Environmental control
pH, 471
pH adjustment, 471
Phenology, 471
Pheromones, 45, 472
Phosphates, 79, 458, 472
Phosphorus (P), 472
Phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAOs),
424, 472, 486
Photosynthesis, 472
Physical adsorption, 79
Physical recovery, 472
Physicochemical (PC) process technology, 458
Phytoplankton, 472
Pieris rapae, 28
Pit latrine, 472
Plankton, 472
Plastic packings, 113
Plastic super-rate filters, 124
Pleuston, 235
Plug flow model, 90, 92, 99
Plugging, 472
PO 4
3- ion, 472
Point, data, 472
Point-of-entry (POE) treatment, 187
Points-of- use (POU) treatment, 187
Pollination, 45, 472
Pollinator, 45, 472
Pollinator Health Task Force, 41
Pollinator Research Action Plan, 41
Pollinators
agriculture and human health, 15, 42
animal-assisted pollination, 5, 15
animal-pollinated crops, 17
causes, 18
CCD, 19–21
climate change, 27, 28, 43
crops, 15
disease, 26
drug companies, 15
economy, 42
effects
climate change, 28
crop improvements, 28
direct crop yield reduction, 29, 30
economic impacts, 30
human health impacts, 31
food products, 44
fruits, 16
fungicides, 22, 23
governments
agriculture industry, 40
arid and semiarid western shrub lands,
41
beekeeper, 40
forests, 41
grasslands, 42
legislation, 40
outcomes, 41
regulations, 40
riparian areas, 42
roadsides, 41
wildlife management, 40
wildlife openings, 42
habitat loss, 24, 25
herbicides, 23, 24
history, 17, 18
insecticides, 20, 22
insects, 5
management practices, 43, 44
micro-habitats, 43
nutritional value, 16
nuts, 16
parasites, 25, 26
pesticide industry, 43
quality, 16
quantitative and qualitative assessments, 15
recommendations, 43
reproductive cycle, 5
seeds/fruit, 5
statistics, 17, 18
vitamins, 16
wild bees, 6
Pollution, 378, 472
and human health risks (see Chemical
pesticides)
prevention technologies, 406
Pollution control, 472
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 180, 181
Polygon, 472
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), 473
Polymer, 473
Polyphosphate (Poly-P), 473
Polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, 351
Ponding, 473
Postaeration, 473
Index
507
management, 390
microorganisms, 395
organic pesticides, 396
pest control, 388, 394, 405
pesticide-based control, 408
pesticides, 393
resistance, 405
use of poisons, 404
and vectors, 389
See also Environmental control
pH, 471
pH adjustment, 471
Phenology, 471
Pheromones, 45, 472
Phosphates, 79, 458, 472
Phosphorus (P), 472
Phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAOs),
424, 472, 486
Photosynthesis, 472
Physical adsorption, 79
Physical recovery, 472
Physicochemical (PC) process technology, 458
Phytoplankton, 472
Pieris rapae, 28
Pit latrine, 472
Plankton, 472
Plastic packings, 113
Plastic super-rate filters, 124
Pleuston, 235
Plug flow model, 90, 92, 99
Plugging, 472
PO 4
3- ion, 472
Point, data, 472
Point-of-entry (POE) treatment, 187
Points-of- use (POU) treatment, 187
Pollination, 45, 472
Pollinator, 45, 472
Pollinator Health Task Force, 41
Pollinator Research Action Plan, 41
Pollinators
agriculture and human health, 15, 42
animal-assisted pollination, 5, 15
animal-pollinated crops, 17
causes, 18
CCD, 19–21
climate change, 27, 28, 43
crops, 15
disease, 26
drug companies, 15
economy, 42
effects
climate change, 28
crop improvements, 28
direct crop yield reduction, 29, 30
economic impacts, 30
human health impacts, 31
food products, 44
fruits, 16
fungicides, 22, 23
governments
agriculture industry, 40
arid and semiarid western shrub lands,
41
beekeeper, 40
forests, 41
grasslands, 42
legislation, 40
outcomes, 41
regulations, 40
riparian areas, 42
roadsides, 41
wildlife management, 40
wildlife openings, 42
habitat loss, 24, 25
herbicides, 23, 24
history, 17, 18
insecticides, 20, 22
insects, 5
management practices, 43, 44
micro-habitats, 43
nutritional value, 16
nuts, 16
parasites, 25, 26
pesticide industry, 43
quality, 16
quantitative and qualitative assessments, 15
recommendations, 43
reproductive cycle, 5
seeds/fruit, 5
statistics, 17, 18
vitamins, 16
wild bees, 6
Pollution, 378, 472
and human health risks (see Chemical
pesticides)
prevention technologies, 406
Pollution control, 472
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 180, 181
Polygon, 472
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), 473
Polymer, 473
Polyphosphate (Poly-P), 473
Polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, 351
Ponding, 473
Postaeration, 473
Index
507