Pheromones They are chemical substances secreted from bee glands and used as a
means of communication; honey bees secrete many different pheromones.
Phosphate PO 4
3À ion
Phosphorus (P) P is an essential element and nutrient for all life forms. Occurs as
orthophosphate, polyphosphate, and organic phosphates, the sum of which is total
phosphorus.
Phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAOs) Microorganisms (bacteria) that are
capable of uptaking and storing orthophosphate in excess of their biological
requirements.
Photosynthesis (a) The process by which plants take CO 2 from the air
(or bicarbonate in water) to build carbohydrates, releasing O 2 in the process.
There are several pathways of photosynthesis with different responses to atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. (b) The manufacture by plants of carbohydrates and
oxygen from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll, using
sunlight as an energy source. Plants thereby absorb carbon from the atmosphere
with the process, and store it in their forms.
Physical recovery Identification of possible relocation areas for operations as well
as plans to restore services, equipment, materials, and buildings and grounds after
an incident.
Phytoplankton Usually microscopic aquatic plants, sometimes consisting of only
one cell.
Pit latrine (Also Simple pit latrine) It is the cheapest and most basic form of
improved sanitation, which consists of a pit dug into the ground with some kind
of sturdy cover with a hole in it through which excreta goes into the pit.
Plankton Those organisms that are unable to maintain their position or distribution
independent of the movement of water or air masses.
Plugging It is a term used to indicate when the material within a slurry that is being
hydrotransported slows down, then settles, and plugs or clogs the discharge
pipeline.
Point, data It is a single x,y coordinate that represents a geographic feature too
small to be displayed as a line or area at that scale.
Pollination It is a process involving the transfer of pollen from the anthers of a
flower to the stigma of the same flower or of another flower; pollination is a
prerequisite for fertilization, and fertilization allows the flower to develop seeds.
Pollinator It is the biotic agent (vector) that moves pollen from the male anthers of
a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization or “syngamy”
of the female gametes in the ovule of the flower by the male gametes from the
pollen grain.
Pollution The contamination of a natural ecosystem, especially with reference to
the activity of humans.
Pollution control A wide range of techniques, solutions, practices, and services for
treating wastewater and waste.
Polygon It is a multisided figure that represents area on a map. Polygons have
attributes that describe the geographic feature they represent.
472
M.-H. S. Wang and L. K. Wang
means of communication; honey bees secrete many different pheromones.
Phosphate PO 4
3À ion
Phosphorus (P) P is an essential element and nutrient for all life forms. Occurs as
orthophosphate, polyphosphate, and organic phosphates, the sum of which is total
phosphorus.
Phosphorus-accumulating organisms (PAOs) Microorganisms (bacteria) that are
capable of uptaking and storing orthophosphate in excess of their biological
requirements.
Photosynthesis (a) The process by which plants take CO 2 from the air
(or bicarbonate in water) to build carbohydrates, releasing O 2 in the process.
There are several pathways of photosynthesis with different responses to atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. (b) The manufacture by plants of carbohydrates and
oxygen from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll, using
sunlight as an energy source. Plants thereby absorb carbon from the atmosphere
with the process, and store it in their forms.
Physical recovery Identification of possible relocation areas for operations as well
as plans to restore services, equipment, materials, and buildings and grounds after
an incident.
Phytoplankton Usually microscopic aquatic plants, sometimes consisting of only
one cell.
Pit latrine (Also Simple pit latrine) It is the cheapest and most basic form of
improved sanitation, which consists of a pit dug into the ground with some kind
of sturdy cover with a hole in it through which excreta goes into the pit.
Plankton Those organisms that are unable to maintain their position or distribution
independent of the movement of water or air masses.
Plugging It is a term used to indicate when the material within a slurry that is being
hydrotransported slows down, then settles, and plugs or clogs the discharge
pipeline.
Point, data It is a single x,y coordinate that represents a geographic feature too
small to be displayed as a line or area at that scale.
Pollination It is a process involving the transfer of pollen from the anthers of a
flower to the stigma of the same flower or of another flower; pollination is a
prerequisite for fertilization, and fertilization allows the flower to develop seeds.
Pollinator It is the biotic agent (vector) that moves pollen from the male anthers of
a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization or “syngamy”
of the female gametes in the ovule of the flower by the male gametes from the
pollen grain.
Pollution The contamination of a natural ecosystem, especially with reference to
the activity of humans.
Pollution control A wide range of techniques, solutions, practices, and services for
treating wastewater and waste.
Polygon It is a multisided figure that represents area on a map. Polygons have
attributes that describe the geographic feature they represent.
472
M.-H. S. Wang and L. K. Wang