Composting, aerated static pile system The aerated stack pile consists of a grid of
aeration or exhaust piping underlying a mixture of dewatered sludge or small
solid wastes (such as leaves, wood chips, waste foods) and bulking agent.
Material is composted for 21–28 days and then cured for another 30 days or
longer.
Composting, in-vessel system In this in-vessel system, composting of sludge, solid
wastes, and bulking agent is accomplished inside an enclosed container or vessel.
Mechanical devices are designed to minimize odors and process time by controlling environmental conditions such as air flow, temperature, and oxygen concentration. There are two types: (a) the plug flow system and (b) the dynamic system.
Composting, windrow system This composting system is similar to the aerated
static pile system. Piles of dewatered sludge, small solids wastes, and bulking
agent are periodically turned for aeration and temperature control. The major
drawback to this system is that turning the windrows is often accompanied by the
release of offensive odors.
Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 A document designed to provide guidance for developing emergency operations plans. It promotes a common
understanding of the fundamentals of risk-informed planning and decisionmaking to help planners examine a hazard or threat and produce integrated,
coordinated, and synchronized plans. The goal of CPG 101 is to assist in making
the planning process routine across all phases of emergency management and for
all homeland security mission areas. It helps planners at all levels of government
in their efforts to develop and maintain viable, all-hazards, all-threats emergency
plans.
Computer-aided design (CAD) It is an automated system for the design, drafting,
and display of graphically oriented information.
Concentration (a) Amount of a chemical in a particular volume or weight of air,
water, soil, or other medium; (b) in solutions, the mass, volume, or number of
moles of solute present in proportion to the amount of solvent or total solution.
Common measures are: molarity, normality, percent, molality, and by specific
gravity scales.
Concept of operations (CONOPS) A component of the basic plan that clarifies the
childcare site’s or school’s overall approach to an emergency (i.e., what should
happen, when, and at whose direction) and identifies specialized response teams
and/or unique resources needed to respond to an incident.
Confined space Confined space means a space that (a) is large enough and so
configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work; and
(b) has limited or restricted means for entry or exit; and (c) is not designed for
continuous employee occupancy.
Contact stabilization process It is a modification of the activated sludge process.
In this modification, the adsorptive capacity of the floc is utilized in the contact
tank to adsorb suspended, colloidal, and some dissolved organics. The hydraulic
detention time in the contact tank is only about 30–60 minutes (based on average
daily flow). After the biological sludge is separated from the wastewater in the
12 Glossary of Natural Resources and Environmental Pollution Control
439
aeration or exhaust piping underlying a mixture of dewatered sludge or small
solid wastes (such as leaves, wood chips, waste foods) and bulking agent.
Material is composted for 21–28 days and then cured for another 30 days or
longer.
Composting, in-vessel system In this in-vessel system, composting of sludge, solid
wastes, and bulking agent is accomplished inside an enclosed container or vessel.
Mechanical devices are designed to minimize odors and process time by controlling environmental conditions such as air flow, temperature, and oxygen concentration. There are two types: (a) the plug flow system and (b) the dynamic system.
Composting, windrow system This composting system is similar to the aerated
static pile system. Piles of dewatered sludge, small solids wastes, and bulking
agent are periodically turned for aeration and temperature control. The major
drawback to this system is that turning the windrows is often accompanied by the
release of offensive odors.
Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 A document designed to provide guidance for developing emergency operations plans. It promotes a common
understanding of the fundamentals of risk-informed planning and decisionmaking to help planners examine a hazard or threat and produce integrated,
coordinated, and synchronized plans. The goal of CPG 101 is to assist in making
the planning process routine across all phases of emergency management and for
all homeland security mission areas. It helps planners at all levels of government
in their efforts to develop and maintain viable, all-hazards, all-threats emergency
plans.
Computer-aided design (CAD) It is an automated system for the design, drafting,
and display of graphically oriented information.
Concentration (a) Amount of a chemical in a particular volume or weight of air,
water, soil, or other medium; (b) in solutions, the mass, volume, or number of
moles of solute present in proportion to the amount of solvent or total solution.
Common measures are: molarity, normality, percent, molality, and by specific
gravity scales.
Concept of operations (CONOPS) A component of the basic plan that clarifies the
childcare site’s or school’s overall approach to an emergency (i.e., what should
happen, when, and at whose direction) and identifies specialized response teams
and/or unique resources needed to respond to an incident.
Confined space Confined space means a space that (a) is large enough and so
configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work; and
(b) has limited or restricted means for entry or exit; and (c) is not designed for
continuous employee occupancy.
Contact stabilization process It is a modification of the activated sludge process.
In this modification, the adsorptive capacity of the floc is utilized in the contact
tank to adsorb suspended, colloidal, and some dissolved organics. The hydraulic
detention time in the contact tank is only about 30–60 minutes (based on average
daily flow). After the biological sludge is separated from the wastewater in the
12 Glossary of Natural Resources and Environmental Pollution Control
439