Basic plan A component of an emergency operations plan that describes expected
hazards, outlines roles and responsibilities, and explains how you keep the plan
current.
Basin The bottom of the tower, water is collected here after passing the tower.
Beach restoration It is the act of replenishing the sand loss that occurs naturally
over time from tidal cycles, currents, waves, and inclement weather. Beaches that
have been restored by dredging are designed to protect local communities from
future storm damage and to preserve recreational beach space. Dredges are often
used as a primary tool for rebuilding beaches.
Bee It is an insect with four wings that is related to the wasps, gathers pollen and
nectar from flowers from which it makes beebread and honey for food, and
usually lives in large colonies. There many kinds of bees, such as, honey bees,
bumble bees, cuckoo bees, carpenter bees, leaf-cutting bees, digger bees, alkali
bees, and mason bees.
Belt filter press, combined sludge thickening and dewatering Conditioned
sludge is first placed on a gravity drainage section where it is allowed to thicken.
In this section, the bulk of the free water is removed from the sludge by gravity.
On some units, this section is equipped with a vacuum assist, which enhances
drainage and may help to reduce odors. Following gravity drainage, pressure is
applied in a low-pressure section, where sludge is squeezed between opposing
porous cloth belts. On some units, the low-pressure section is followed by a highpressure section where the sludge is subjected to shearing forces that induce the
release of additional quantities of water from the sludge. The final dewatered
sludge cake is removed from the belts by scrapper blades.
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) A biochemical quantitative measure of the
amount of oxygen used in the biochemical oxidation of organic matter in a
specified time period (usually 5 days), at a specified temperature (usually
20
C), and under specified conditions (in the dark).
Biofuels Gas or liquid fuel made from plant material (biomass); includes wood,
wood waste, wood liquors, peat, railroad ties, wood sludge, spent sulfite liquors,
agricultural waste, straw, tires, fish oils, tall oil, sludge waste, waste alcohol,
municipal solid waste, landfill gases, other waste, and ethanol blended into motor
gasoline.
Biogeochemical cycle Movements through the Earth system of key chemical
constituents essential to life, such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus.
Biological nutrient removal (BNR) The removal of nitrogen and/or phosphorus
by the use of proliferation and selection of certain microbiological populations.
Biological phosphorus removal (BPR) The biological process of phosphorus
removal in wastewater that relies on the proliferation and selection of a microbiological population capable of storing phosphorus in excess of their normal
growth requirements. Also called biological nutrient removal (BNR) or enhanced
biological phosphorus removal (EBPR).
Biomass (a) Materials that are biological in origin, including organic material (both
living and dead) from above and below ground, for example, trees, crops, grasses,
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M.-H. S. Wang and L. K. Wang
hazards, outlines roles and responsibilities, and explains how you keep the plan
current.
Basin The bottom of the tower, water is collected here after passing the tower.
Beach restoration It is the act of replenishing the sand loss that occurs naturally
over time from tidal cycles, currents, waves, and inclement weather. Beaches that
have been restored by dredging are designed to protect local communities from
future storm damage and to preserve recreational beach space. Dredges are often
used as a primary tool for rebuilding beaches.
Bee It is an insect with four wings that is related to the wasps, gathers pollen and
nectar from flowers from which it makes beebread and honey for food, and
usually lives in large colonies. There many kinds of bees, such as, honey bees,
bumble bees, cuckoo bees, carpenter bees, leaf-cutting bees, digger bees, alkali
bees, and mason bees.
Belt filter press, combined sludge thickening and dewatering Conditioned
sludge is first placed on a gravity drainage section where it is allowed to thicken.
In this section, the bulk of the free water is removed from the sludge by gravity.
On some units, this section is equipped with a vacuum assist, which enhances
drainage and may help to reduce odors. Following gravity drainage, pressure is
applied in a low-pressure section, where sludge is squeezed between opposing
porous cloth belts. On some units, the low-pressure section is followed by a highpressure section where the sludge is subjected to shearing forces that induce the
release of additional quantities of water from the sludge. The final dewatered
sludge cake is removed from the belts by scrapper blades.
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) A biochemical quantitative measure of the
amount of oxygen used in the biochemical oxidation of organic matter in a
specified time period (usually 5 days), at a specified temperature (usually
20
C), and under specified conditions (in the dark).
Biofuels Gas or liquid fuel made from plant material (biomass); includes wood,
wood waste, wood liquors, peat, railroad ties, wood sludge, spent sulfite liquors,
agricultural waste, straw, tires, fish oils, tall oil, sludge waste, waste alcohol,
municipal solid waste, landfill gases, other waste, and ethanol blended into motor
gasoline.
Biogeochemical cycle Movements through the Earth system of key chemical
constituents essential to life, such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus.
Biological nutrient removal (BNR) The removal of nitrogen and/or phosphorus
by the use of proliferation and selection of certain microbiological populations.
Biological phosphorus removal (BPR) The biological process of phosphorus
removal in wastewater that relies on the proliferation and selection of a microbiological population capable of storing phosphorus in excess of their normal
growth requirements. Also called biological nutrient removal (BNR) or enhanced
biological phosphorus removal (EBPR).
Biomass (a) Materials that are biological in origin, including organic material (both
living and dead) from above and below ground, for example, trees, crops, grasses,
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M.-H. S. Wang and L. K. Wang