Glossary
Chemical engineering It is a branch of engineering that uses principles of chemistry, physics, mathematics, biology, and economics to efficiently use, produce,
design, transport, and transform energy and materials. The work of chemical
engineers can range from the utilization of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in
the laboratory to large-scale industrial processes that convert chemicals, raw
materials, living cells, microorganisms, and energy into useful forms and
products.
Civil engineering It is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the
design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports,
sewerage systems, pipelines, structural components of buildings, and railways.
Civil engineering is traditionally broken into a number of subdisciplines. It is
considered the second-oldest engineering discipline after military engineering,
and it is defined to distinguish nonmilitary engineering from military engineering.
Civil engineering takes place in the public sector from municipal through to
national governments, and in the private sector from individual homeowners
through to international companies.
Environmental engineering It is a professional engineering discipline that takes
from broad scientific topics like chemistry, biology, ecology, geology, hydraulics, hydrology, microbiology, and mathematics to create solutions that will
protect and also improve the health of living organisms and improve the quality
of the environment. Environmental engineering is a subdiscipline of civil engineering, chemical engineering, and mechanical engineering.
Environmental resource management It is the management of the interaction and
impact of human societies on the environment. It is not, as the phrase might
suggest, the management of the environment itself. Environmental resources
management aims to ensure that ecosystem services are protected and maintained
for future human generations, and also maintain ecosystem integrity through
considering ethical, economic, and scientific (ecological) variables. Environmental resource management tries to identify factors affected by conflicts that rise
between meeting needs and protecting resources. It is thus linked to environmental protection, sustainability, and integrated landscape management.
Environmental science It is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates
physical, biological, and information sciences (including ecology, biology, chemistry, mathematics, microbiology, geology, information science, etc.)
Environmental studies It is a multidisciplinary academic field, which systematically studies human interaction with the environment in the interests solving
complex problems. Environmental studies brings together the principles of the
physical sciences, commerce/economics, and social sciences so as to solve
contemporary environmental problems. It is a broad field of study that includes
the natural environment, the built environment, and the sets of relationships
between them. The field encompasses study in basic principles of ecology and
9 Environmental Engineering Education in the Modern Era
385
Chemical engineering It is a branch of engineering that uses principles of chemistry, physics, mathematics, biology, and economics to efficiently use, produce,
design, transport, and transform energy and materials. The work of chemical
engineers can range from the utilization of nanotechnology and nanomaterials in
the laboratory to large-scale industrial processes that convert chemicals, raw
materials, living cells, microorganisms, and energy into useful forms and
products.
Civil engineering It is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the
design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports,
sewerage systems, pipelines, structural components of buildings, and railways.
Civil engineering is traditionally broken into a number of subdisciplines. It is
considered the second-oldest engineering discipline after military engineering,
and it is defined to distinguish nonmilitary engineering from military engineering.
Civil engineering takes place in the public sector from municipal through to
national governments, and in the private sector from individual homeowners
through to international companies.
Environmental engineering It is a professional engineering discipline that takes
from broad scientific topics like chemistry, biology, ecology, geology, hydraulics, hydrology, microbiology, and mathematics to create solutions that will
protect and also improve the health of living organisms and improve the quality
of the environment. Environmental engineering is a subdiscipline of civil engineering, chemical engineering, and mechanical engineering.
Environmental resource management It is the management of the interaction and
impact of human societies on the environment. It is not, as the phrase might
suggest, the management of the environment itself. Environmental resources
management aims to ensure that ecosystem services are protected and maintained
for future human generations, and also maintain ecosystem integrity through
considering ethical, economic, and scientific (ecological) variables. Environmental resource management tries to identify factors affected by conflicts that rise
between meeting needs and protecting resources. It is thus linked to environmental protection, sustainability, and integrated landscape management.
Environmental science It is an interdisciplinary academic field that integrates
physical, biological, and information sciences (including ecology, biology, chemistry, mathematics, microbiology, geology, information science, etc.)
Environmental studies It is a multidisciplinary academic field, which systematically studies human interaction with the environment in the interests solving
complex problems. Environmental studies brings together the principles of the
physical sciences, commerce/economics, and social sciences so as to solve
contemporary environmental problems. It is a broad field of study that includes
the natural environment, the built environment, and the sets of relationships
between them. The field encompasses study in basic principles of ecology and
9 Environmental Engineering Education in the Modern Era
385