As presented in Tables 8.10 and 8.11, pH values of the wastewater indicate that
factory wastewaters resulted during the production of corn and sunflower oil refining
have an acidic character. The pHs of corn and sunflower oil refining wastewaters
were 2.79 and 4.1, respectively. Corn oil refining wastewater is more acidic because
it has higher amount of fatty acids in crude oil of corn oil and, accordingly, higher
production of soap-stock during the refining, hence, higher amount of acid use for
the production of acid oil compared to sunflower oil.
It is clear from COD results of the plants that wastewater of the factory is heavily
polluted. In corn oil refining wastewaters, total COD values were ranging from
11,581 to 15,449 mg/L, and in sunflower refining wastewaters, total COD values
were ranging from 8,344 to 9,202 mg/L Also, the sulfate content of the wastewater is
Table 8.12 Analysis results of corn oil refining wastewater samples taken from all treatment steps
of WWTP at Kirlangic Oil Factory [80]
Sampling point/parameter
1
2
3
4
pH
2.79
5.92
7.23
7.7
COD (mg/L)
12,880
8,015
1,705
225
SCOD (mg/L)
5,680
3,535
1,470
198
BOD 5 (mg/L)
1,932
1,375
620
27
SBOD 5 (mg/L)
1,135
783.5
290
19
TSS (mg/L)
2,850
1,074
129
127
TKN (mg/L)
1,261
564.5
250
228
NH 3 (mg/L)
48
84.5
15.5
1.6
Total P (mg/L)
583
3.65
2
1.4
Oil-grease (mg/L)
375
13.4
7.75
6.7
Sulfate (mg/L)
12,006
8,983
7,051
4,585
Color (Pt-Co)
1,161
821
683
151
Table 8.13 Analysis results of sunflower oil refining wastewater samples taken from all treatment
steps of WWTP at Kirlangic Oil Factory [80]
Sampling point/parameter
1
2
3
4
pH
4.01
7.49
7.39
8
COD (mg/L)
9,215
5,047
1,770
265
SCOD (mg/L)
5,385
3,170
1,425
190
BOD 5 (mg/L)
1,850
1,095
220
44
SBOD 5 (mg/L)
1,550
960
51
18
TSS (mg/L)
1,733
267
261.6
152.6
TKN (mg/L)
517.6
270.8
395.8
215
NH 3 (mg/L)
29.6
10.5
11.5
11.4
Total P (mg/L)
177.3
7.15
4.1
1.7
Oil-grease (mg/L)
664.3
12.8
7.6
3.9
Sulfate (mg/L)
11,416
9,640
7,750
5,050
Color (Pt-Co)
242
186
180
125
362
D. Kaya and Y.-T. Hung
factory wastewaters resulted during the production of corn and sunflower oil refining
have an acidic character. The pHs of corn and sunflower oil refining wastewaters
were 2.79 and 4.1, respectively. Corn oil refining wastewater is more acidic because
it has higher amount of fatty acids in crude oil of corn oil and, accordingly, higher
production of soap-stock during the refining, hence, higher amount of acid use for
the production of acid oil compared to sunflower oil.
It is clear from COD results of the plants that wastewater of the factory is heavily
polluted. In corn oil refining wastewaters, total COD values were ranging from
11,581 to 15,449 mg/L, and in sunflower refining wastewaters, total COD values
were ranging from 8,344 to 9,202 mg/L Also, the sulfate content of the wastewater is
Table 8.12 Analysis results of corn oil refining wastewater samples taken from all treatment steps
of WWTP at Kirlangic Oil Factory [80]
Sampling point/parameter
1
2
3
4
pH
2.79
5.92
7.23
7.7
COD (mg/L)
12,880
8,015
1,705
225
SCOD (mg/L)
5,680
3,535
1,470
198
BOD 5 (mg/L)
1,932
1,375
620
27
SBOD 5 (mg/L)
1,135
783.5
290
19
TSS (mg/L)
2,850
1,074
129
127
TKN (mg/L)
1,261
564.5
250
228
NH 3 (mg/L)
48
84.5
15.5
1.6
Total P (mg/L)
583
3.65
2
1.4
Oil-grease (mg/L)
375
13.4
7.75
6.7
Sulfate (mg/L)
12,006
8,983
7,051
4,585
Color (Pt-Co)
1,161
821
683
151
Table 8.13 Analysis results of sunflower oil refining wastewater samples taken from all treatment
steps of WWTP at Kirlangic Oil Factory [80]
Sampling point/parameter
1
2
3
4
pH
4.01
7.49
7.39
8
COD (mg/L)
9,215
5,047
1,770
265
SCOD (mg/L)
5,385
3,170
1,425
190
BOD 5 (mg/L)
1,850
1,095
220
44
SBOD 5 (mg/L)
1,550
960
51
18
TSS (mg/L)
1,733
267
261.6
152.6
TKN (mg/L)
517.6
270.8
395.8
215
NH 3 (mg/L)
29.6
10.5
11.5
11.4
Total P (mg/L)
177.3
7.15
4.1
1.7
Oil-grease (mg/L)
664.3
12.8
7.6
3.9
Sulfate (mg/L)
11,416
9,640
7,750
5,050
Color (Pt-Co)
242
186
180
125
362
D. Kaya and Y.-T. Hung