At the factory, emissions such as CO, SO 2 , NO x , and dust burning result from
boiler chimneys. Process dust emissions result from the two PVC machines. Organic
materials in the form of unsaturated fats, fatty acids, aldehydes, ketones, and phenol
emissions are only due to the cooling tower. Inorganic chlorine emissions result from
the two PVC bottle production machines. Total nitrogen in the form of NH 3 and total
sulfur in the form of H 2 S result from the cooling tower [80].
4.3 Wastewater Characterization
Factory wastewaters consist of industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater each
at about 60 m
3 /d. Industrial wastewaters include wash water coming from
segregators, wastewaters coming from deodorization, and extraction wastewaters
resulting from soap-stock shredding unit. Domestic wastewater results from wastewaters coming from toilet, shower, and dining halls. Since deodorization unit is
operated as closed loop, it discharges wastewater at certain times during the cleaning
of the system. On the other hand, soap-stock and washing water are continuously
produced and discharged to the treatment during the vegetable oil production. Also,
a small amount of the wastewater during washing of filters used in production
occurs. Filter washing is done at certain times of the year. The amounts of wastewaters produced at this factory from refining unit, soap-stock shredding, and wash
water, deodorization unit, and other processes are 36, 10, and 14 m
3 /d [80].
Aslan [20] carried out a study to characterize wastewater produced during the
refining of corn oil and sunflower oil in Kirlangic Oil Factory. For this purpose,
triplicate samples were taken from the inlet of equalization basin 1 at different times
of production of both types of oil. Due to the completion of olive oil refining in very
short time, wastewaters from olive oil refining are mixed with other wastewaters. For
this reason, the characterization study was not carried for olive oil wastewaters. The
characterization results of corn and sunflower oil wastewaters are presented in
Tables 8.10 and 8.11.
4.4 Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Plant Efficiency
Wastewater volume at the treatment plant is 4 m
3 /h. Emulsified oils, floating substances, and acid oils present in wastewater are physically separated from wastewater by grease traps and two submersible pumps connected in series with self-leveling
pool balancing. During the chemical treatment, suspended and colloidal substances
are removed from the wastewater by the addition of coagulants and flocculants. After
the chemical treatment, wastewater is treated in a two-stage biological treatment
system consisting of a facultative and a completely mixed extended aeration activated sludge system.
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D. Kaya and Y.-T. Hung
boiler chimneys. Process dust emissions result from the two PVC machines. Organic
materials in the form of unsaturated fats, fatty acids, aldehydes, ketones, and phenol
emissions are only due to the cooling tower. Inorganic chlorine emissions result from
the two PVC bottle production machines. Total nitrogen in the form of NH 3 and total
sulfur in the form of H 2 S result from the cooling tower [80].
4.3 Wastewater Characterization
Factory wastewaters consist of industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater each
at about 60 m
3 /d. Industrial wastewaters include wash water coming from
segregators, wastewaters coming from deodorization, and extraction wastewaters
resulting from soap-stock shredding unit. Domestic wastewater results from wastewaters coming from toilet, shower, and dining halls. Since deodorization unit is
operated as closed loop, it discharges wastewater at certain times during the cleaning
of the system. On the other hand, soap-stock and washing water are continuously
produced and discharged to the treatment during the vegetable oil production. Also,
a small amount of the wastewater during washing of filters used in production
occurs. Filter washing is done at certain times of the year. The amounts of wastewaters produced at this factory from refining unit, soap-stock shredding, and wash
water, deodorization unit, and other processes are 36, 10, and 14 m
3 /d [80].
Aslan [20] carried out a study to characterize wastewater produced during the
refining of corn oil and sunflower oil in Kirlangic Oil Factory. For this purpose,
triplicate samples were taken from the inlet of equalization basin 1 at different times
of production of both types of oil. Due to the completion of olive oil refining in very
short time, wastewaters from olive oil refining are mixed with other wastewaters. For
this reason, the characterization study was not carried for olive oil wastewaters. The
characterization results of corn and sunflower oil wastewaters are presented in
Tables 8.10 and 8.11.
4.4 Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Plant Efficiency
Wastewater volume at the treatment plant is 4 m
3 /h. Emulsified oils, floating substances, and acid oils present in wastewater are physically separated from wastewater by grease traps and two submersible pumps connected in series with self-leveling
pool balancing. During the chemical treatment, suspended and colloidal substances
are removed from the wastewater by the addition of coagulants and flocculants. After
the chemical treatment, wastewater is treated in a two-stage biological treatment
system consisting of a facultative and a completely mixed extended aeration activated sludge system.
360
D. Kaya and Y.-T. Hung