2.5.3 As a Protein Supplement and Functional Ingredient
The applications of canola/rapeseed meal as protein supplement are very limited to
animal feed due to the presence of non-protein components such as phytic acid,
glucosinolates, erucic acid, phenolic compounds, etc., which, apart from being toxic
(as discussed previously), have been reported to reduce the digestibility and bioavailability of macro- and micronutrients in the human gut. Canola protein is
reported to contain well-balanced amino acids profile and comparable to milk and
egg proteins in terms of quality (Bos et al. 2007; Fleddermann et al. 2013).
Therefore, efforts were made to reduce the content of non-protein components
from canola meal and to produce canola protein isolates (CPI) and concentrates
(CPC) with little amount of glucosinolates (<0.1 μmol/g), erucic acid (<0.005%),
phytic acid (<0.14%), and phenolic components (0.07%) (GRAS 2016). CPC and
CPI are expected to provide several desired techno-functional properties such as
thickener, superabsorbent hydrogels (Shi et al. 2014), oleogelators, emulsifier
(Wu and Muir 2008), gelling agent (Pinterits and Arntfield 2008), foaming agent,
water binder, stabilizer (Wu and Muir 2008), texturizer, antioxidants (Cumby et al.
2008), bioactive components (Wu and Muir 2008), etc. in a variety of food applications (GRAS 2010; GRAS 2016; Von Der Haar et al. 2014; Aider and Barbana
2011; Wanasundara et al. 2016). A few studies on the addition of CPC and CPI and
the effect on physico-chemical and sensory properties of the final food products are
shown in Table 2.9.
2.6 Future Scopes
Canola oil contains high amount of MUFA, balanced ratio of omega-3 and omega-6
fatty acids and sufficient quantity of bioactive components. A wide range of literature is available on the health-promoting effects and food applications of canola oil
and meal. However, more research is required on the potential applications of minor/
bioactive components of canola oil and protein. In addition to high amount of quality
protein, canola meal, and protein concentrates have the potential to be used to as an
emulsifier, gelling agents, absorbent, stabilizer, thickener, oleogelator, texturizer,
antioxidant, etc. However, long-term human studies are required to claim the health
benefits of canola protein.
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A. Goyal et al.
The applications of canola/rapeseed meal as protein supplement are very limited to
animal feed due to the presence of non-protein components such as phytic acid,
glucosinolates, erucic acid, phenolic compounds, etc., which, apart from being toxic
(as discussed previously), have been reported to reduce the digestibility and bioavailability of macro- and micronutrients in the human gut. Canola protein is
reported to contain well-balanced amino acids profile and comparable to milk and
egg proteins in terms of quality (Bos et al. 2007; Fleddermann et al. 2013).
Therefore, efforts were made to reduce the content of non-protein components
from canola meal and to produce canola protein isolates (CPI) and concentrates
(CPC) with little amount of glucosinolates (<0.1 μmol/g), erucic acid (<0.005%),
phytic acid (<0.14%), and phenolic components (0.07%) (GRAS 2016). CPC and
CPI are expected to provide several desired techno-functional properties such as
thickener, superabsorbent hydrogels (Shi et al. 2014), oleogelators, emulsifier
(Wu and Muir 2008), gelling agent (Pinterits and Arntfield 2008), foaming agent,
water binder, stabilizer (Wu and Muir 2008), texturizer, antioxidants (Cumby et al.
2008), bioactive components (Wu and Muir 2008), etc. in a variety of food applications (GRAS 2010; GRAS 2016; Von Der Haar et al. 2014; Aider and Barbana
2011; Wanasundara et al. 2016). A few studies on the addition of CPC and CPI and
the effect on physico-chemical and sensory properties of the final food products are
shown in Table 2.9.
2.6 Future Scopes
Canola oil contains high amount of MUFA, balanced ratio of omega-3 and omega-6
fatty acids and sufficient quantity of bioactive components. A wide range of literature is available on the health-promoting effects and food applications of canola oil
and meal. However, more research is required on the potential applications of minor/
bioactive components of canola oil and protein. In addition to high amount of quality
protein, canola meal, and protein concentrates have the potential to be used to as an
emulsifier, gelling agents, absorbent, stabilizer, thickener, oleogelator, texturizer,
antioxidant, etc. However, long-term human studies are required to claim the health
benefits of canola protein.
64
A. Goyal et al.