On the other hand, they simultaneously limit the ageing and staling of bread
(Korus et al. 2017b). However, for industrial purposes, it is mandated that hemp
flour content in case of wheat bread should not exceed 30% (Mikulec et al. 2018). In
another study, incorporation of lacto-fermented hulled hempseed was found to be
responsible for preparation of bread with good texture and higher overall quality.
These findings indicate the use of Pediococcus species for fermentation process
(Bartkiene et al. 2016).
In another similar study, addition of barley flour had demonstrated to reduce the
specific volume of bread. Incorporation of wheat–barley blends in ratios of 70:30
and 50:50 was exhibited to reduce the specific volume of bread by 30% and 43%,
respectively. Furthermore, within a group of bakery products containing 50% of
barley flour, hulled hemp wholemeal was found to partially suppress the negative
effect of barley flour, i.e. the specific volume of bread was found to increase by about
15% (Hrušková and Švec 2016).
Cookies are considered to be concentrated foods due to the high content of
carbohydrates, fats and low moisture. Manufacturing cookies, biscuits and cones
using hempseeds was initiated to enhance the taste and produce desirable flavours
along with supplementing them with nutrients that control the blood sugar level and
high blood cholesterol. Milk powder, egg yolk and hempseeds used in the cookie
batter served multifaceted benefits. Although addition of hemp flour to the cookies
increased the protein content, it lowered the quality. Even in the case of biscuits, it
was noticed that a 20% addition of hemp flour increased the protein content
(16–27%) as compared to control biscuits made out of regular corn flour. Addition
of hemp flour to biscuits also elevated their mineral content by a certain level.
Similarly, the total dietary fibre content received a massive boost upon addition of
hemp flour to the normal flour used in the biscuit manufacturing process. Furthermore, it was observed that the addition of hemp flour changed the hydration
properties of mixtures and the oil absorption capacity. However, the biscuits made
with hemp flour scored less upon sensory evaluation and underwent visible colour
changes (Korus et al. 2017a).
15.7 Alternative Applications
Hempseeds have been put into a wide spectrum of applications over the years that
ranged from the manufacture of paints and varnishes to formulations of hempseed
oil. Initially, hemp oil was used as lighting oil, but with the advent of hydrocarbons,
this usage of hemp oil became extinct. Production of soap and linoleum also
witnessed the usage of hempseed oil. The fibre varieties of hempseed are used as
animal fodder, especially as bird feed. The medical applications of hempseed oil
include its encapsulation for treatment of stomach and ear pain, cough and other
diseases (Grigoriev 2002). The high unsaturated fatty acid content in the oil makes it
unsuitable for high-temperature applications, but the hempseed oil finds utility in a
broad horizon of products stretching from salad dressings to cosmetics like creams,
15 Hempseed (Cannabis sativa)
389
(Korus et al. 2017b). However, for industrial purposes, it is mandated that hemp
flour content in case of wheat bread should not exceed 30% (Mikulec et al. 2018). In
another study, incorporation of lacto-fermented hulled hempseed was found to be
responsible for preparation of bread with good texture and higher overall quality.
These findings indicate the use of Pediococcus species for fermentation process
(Bartkiene et al. 2016).
In another similar study, addition of barley flour had demonstrated to reduce the
specific volume of bread. Incorporation of wheat–barley blends in ratios of 70:30
and 50:50 was exhibited to reduce the specific volume of bread by 30% and 43%,
respectively. Furthermore, within a group of bakery products containing 50% of
barley flour, hulled hemp wholemeal was found to partially suppress the negative
effect of barley flour, i.e. the specific volume of bread was found to increase by about
15% (Hrušková and Švec 2016).
Cookies are considered to be concentrated foods due to the high content of
carbohydrates, fats and low moisture. Manufacturing cookies, biscuits and cones
using hempseeds was initiated to enhance the taste and produce desirable flavours
along with supplementing them with nutrients that control the blood sugar level and
high blood cholesterol. Milk powder, egg yolk and hempseeds used in the cookie
batter served multifaceted benefits. Although addition of hemp flour to the cookies
increased the protein content, it lowered the quality. Even in the case of biscuits, it
was noticed that a 20% addition of hemp flour increased the protein content
(16–27%) as compared to control biscuits made out of regular corn flour. Addition
of hemp flour to biscuits also elevated their mineral content by a certain level.
Similarly, the total dietary fibre content received a massive boost upon addition of
hemp flour to the normal flour used in the biscuit manufacturing process. Furthermore, it was observed that the addition of hemp flour changed the hydration
properties of mixtures and the oil absorption capacity. However, the biscuits made
with hemp flour scored less upon sensory evaluation and underwent visible colour
changes (Korus et al. 2017a).
15.7 Alternative Applications
Hempseeds have been put into a wide spectrum of applications over the years that
ranged from the manufacture of paints and varnishes to formulations of hempseed
oil. Initially, hemp oil was used as lighting oil, but with the advent of hydrocarbons,
this usage of hemp oil became extinct. Production of soap and linoleum also
witnessed the usage of hempseed oil. The fibre varieties of hempseed are used as
animal fodder, especially as bird feed. The medical applications of hempseed oil
include its encapsulation for treatment of stomach and ear pain, cough and other
diseases (Grigoriev 2002). The high unsaturated fatty acid content in the oil makes it
unsuitable for high-temperature applications, but the hempseed oil finds utility in a
broad horizon of products stretching from salad dressings to cosmetics like creams,
15 Hempseed (Cannabis sativa)
389