1.6 Alternative Applications
1.6.1 Animal Feed
Soybean meal is a major protein, mineral, and vitamin source in animal feed, and
around 90–95% of the total soybean meal produced is utilized for livestock feed. Soy
hulls, a by-product resulting from the processing of soybean, are also used widely as
animal feed (Horan 1974; Peisker 2001).
1.6.2 Soybean Protein Fiber (SPF)
Soybean protein fiber (SPF) is the protein fiber produced from soybean cake and is
quite similar to synthetic fiber. It is used as a blend with cashmere to give smoothness, with wool to reduce the shrinkage, and with silk to prevent stickiness when
wet. Apart from these it also provides strength, comfort, easy to care properties,
absorbency, and luster (Rijavec and Zupin 2011).
1.6.3 Soy Oil
Soybean oil finds numerous applications in the production of drying oil, inks for
newspaper and offset printing, plasticizer, surfactant, dimmer acids, hydraulic fluids,
insecticides and fungicides, solvents and cleaners, water-dispersible poly resins, and
biodiesel (Honary 1996; Sonntag 1985; Kinney and Clemente 2005).
1.6.4 Soy Protein
Soy protein concentrate is used as a nutrient base for fermentation in the production
of pharmaceuticals, gums, and gels. It is also utilized in the production of plastics,
cosmetics, and wood replacers (Kato 2002; Huang and Sun 2000; Wang et al. 2007).
1.6.5 Soy Lecithin
Soy lecithin is used in the automotive industry for cleaning as well as a chelating
agent. In the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry, it finds its use in controlling and
modification of fat crystal structure. It is used as an emollient in the shampoo
products, as a lubricator in the shock absorbers and hydraulics, as a wetting agent,
1 Soybean (Glycine max)
2 9
1.6.1 Animal Feed
Soybean meal is a major protein, mineral, and vitamin source in animal feed, and
around 90–95% of the total soybean meal produced is utilized for livestock feed. Soy
hulls, a by-product resulting from the processing of soybean, are also used widely as
animal feed (Horan 1974; Peisker 2001).
1.6.2 Soybean Protein Fiber (SPF)
Soybean protein fiber (SPF) is the protein fiber produced from soybean cake and is
quite similar to synthetic fiber. It is used as a blend with cashmere to give smoothness, with wool to reduce the shrinkage, and with silk to prevent stickiness when
wet. Apart from these it also provides strength, comfort, easy to care properties,
absorbency, and luster (Rijavec and Zupin 2011).
1.6.3 Soy Oil
Soybean oil finds numerous applications in the production of drying oil, inks for
newspaper and offset printing, plasticizer, surfactant, dimmer acids, hydraulic fluids,
insecticides and fungicides, solvents and cleaners, water-dispersible poly resins, and
biodiesel (Honary 1996; Sonntag 1985; Kinney and Clemente 2005).
1.6.4 Soy Protein
Soy protein concentrate is used as a nutrient base for fermentation in the production
of pharmaceuticals, gums, and gels. It is also utilized in the production of plastics,
cosmetics, and wood replacers (Kato 2002; Huang and Sun 2000; Wang et al. 2007).
1.6.5 Soy Lecithin
Soy lecithin is used in the automotive industry for cleaning as well as a chelating
agent. In the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry, it finds its use in controlling and
modification of fat crystal structure. It is used as an emollient in the shampoo
products, as a lubricator in the shock absorbers and hydraulics, as a wetting agent,
1 Soybean (Glycine max)
2 9