cancers and rectum carcinomas (Augustine and Bisht 2015; Avato and Argentieri
2015). Studies also revealed that a diet rich with sulphoraphane acts as a defence
against Helicobacter pylori, causes stomach ulcers as well as provides protection
against other physiological disorders such as cystic fibrosis, ageing, rhinitis, arthritis,
asthma and other lung disorders. In addition, B. nigra is useful in the management of
abdominal swelling, intestinal worms and wounds (Manohar et al. 2009). Sinigrin
present in B. nigra has the ability to act as an anti-proliferative agent by inhibiting
the proliferation of liver tumour cells and apoptosis without causing any toxicity to
the liver (Jie et al. 2014; Mazumder et al. 2016). Plants in the Brassica genus,
including B. nigra, are also known to contain cyanides, thiocyanates and phenols,
which help inhibit the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and
3-methylcholanthrene in vivo and, therefore, are considered as carcinogenic metabolites (Polasa et al. 1994). Thus, the consumption of mustard powder and oil at very
low level is recommended to be effective with the ability to inhibit carcinogenesis
(Polasa et al. 1994).
8.6.10 Protection Against Cardiovascular Disease
The presence of antioxidants in B. nigra is known to help decrease the risk of
cardiovascular disease in humans (Cartea et al. 2011; Diengdoh 2017). It is hypothesized that the presence of kaempferol imparts a protective effect for the prevention
of coronary heart disease. Despite the presence of antioxidants in B. nigra seeds,
excessive consumption in view of this particular health benefit may also cause
deranging of blood, primarily due to the presence of minor amounts of cyanides
and thiocyanates (Manohar et al. 2009).
8.7 Adverse Effects Resulting from Excessive Consumption
of B. nigra
B. nigra seeds contain storage proteins belonging to the 2S albumin class. These
proteins have been associated with the numerous allergic symptoms which were
reported in Europe due to overconsumption of B. nigra seed oils. Some of the
symptoms include acute giant urticaria with oedema of the glottis, vesicular hand
eczema, recurrent cases of acute severe generalized urticaria and angioneurotic
oedema, severe anaphylactic symptoms, contact dermatitis symptoms (vesicular
dermatitis), contact urticaria, bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis, anaphylactic
shock, gastric pain, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, angioedema, urticaria or anaphylactic shock, irritant contact dermatitis, acute generalized urticaria,
facial and throat swelling, chest tightness, anaphylactic reaction symptoms, atopic
dermatitis with respiratory symptoms, respiratory symptoms, atopic dermatitis,
8 Mustard (Brassica nigra) Seed
201
2015). Studies also revealed that a diet rich with sulphoraphane acts as a defence
against Helicobacter pylori, causes stomach ulcers as well as provides protection
against other physiological disorders such as cystic fibrosis, ageing, rhinitis, arthritis,
asthma and other lung disorders. In addition, B. nigra is useful in the management of
abdominal swelling, intestinal worms and wounds (Manohar et al. 2009). Sinigrin
present in B. nigra has the ability to act as an anti-proliferative agent by inhibiting
the proliferation of liver tumour cells and apoptosis without causing any toxicity to
the liver (Jie et al. 2014; Mazumder et al. 2016). Plants in the Brassica genus,
including B. nigra, are also known to contain cyanides, thiocyanates and phenols,
which help inhibit the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and
3-methylcholanthrene in vivo and, therefore, are considered as carcinogenic metabolites (Polasa et al. 1994). Thus, the consumption of mustard powder and oil at very
low level is recommended to be effective with the ability to inhibit carcinogenesis
(Polasa et al. 1994).
8.6.10 Protection Against Cardiovascular Disease
The presence of antioxidants in B. nigra is known to help decrease the risk of
cardiovascular disease in humans (Cartea et al. 2011; Diengdoh 2017). It is hypothesized that the presence of kaempferol imparts a protective effect for the prevention
of coronary heart disease. Despite the presence of antioxidants in B. nigra seeds,
excessive consumption in view of this particular health benefit may also cause
deranging of blood, primarily due to the presence of minor amounts of cyanides
and thiocyanates (Manohar et al. 2009).
8.7 Adverse Effects Resulting from Excessive Consumption
of B. nigra
B. nigra seeds contain storage proteins belonging to the 2S albumin class. These
proteins have been associated with the numerous allergic symptoms which were
reported in Europe due to overconsumption of B. nigra seed oils. Some of the
symptoms include acute giant urticaria with oedema of the glottis, vesicular hand
eczema, recurrent cases of acute severe generalized urticaria and angioneurotic
oedema, severe anaphylactic symptoms, contact dermatitis symptoms (vesicular
dermatitis), contact urticaria, bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis, anaphylactic
shock, gastric pain, rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, angioedema, urticaria or anaphylactic shock, irritant contact dermatitis, acute generalized urticaria,
facial and throat swelling, chest tightness, anaphylactic reaction symptoms, atopic
dermatitis with respiratory symptoms, respiratory symptoms, atopic dermatitis,
8 Mustard (Brassica nigra) Seed
201