Chapter 1
Energy Security and Sustainability:
An Overview
Abstract Every living entity requires internal energy, derived through biological
process, for survival, growth, and sustenance. Human being is an exception in the
sense that they need additional energy from external sources to accomplish their
quest for excellence. The availability and adequacy of external energy and reliability
of its supply whether commercial or non-commercial affect economic productivity,
development, and sustenance. The process of global split between energy-rich and
energy-poor that started with industrial revolution continues till date and each nation
is working relentlessly to ensure secure supply of energy from renewable and nonrenewable sources. Energy indicators are developed, and projections are done to
assess future energy scenario and an understanding of complete energy flow and
bottlenecks. India has been undergoing transformative changes since independence
with population, poverty, and energy as the pivotal challenge. With the passage of
every day, India faces the toughest challenge of energizing its economic development
through power generation that is highly dependent on imports of oil, gas, solar panel,
and wind turbines. With climate-related disasters becoming too intense and frequent,
India has no option but to race ahead in replacing dirty fuels with renewables.
Keywords Calorie · Joule · Watt · Tons of oil equivalent · BTU · Tons of coal
equivalent · Energy security · Energy access · Calorific value · British ton ·
American ton · Metric ton · Energy indicators
1700 1740 1780 1820 1860 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100
The Quest for Energy: From Carbohydrate
to Hydrocarbon and beyond (An
illustration)
Coal
Oil and Gas
Renewable
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
A. Srivastav, Energy Dynamics and Climate Mitigation,
Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8940-9_1
1
Energy Security and Sustainability:
An Overview
Abstract Every living entity requires internal energy, derived through biological
process, for survival, growth, and sustenance. Human being is an exception in the
sense that they need additional energy from external sources to accomplish their
quest for excellence. The availability and adequacy of external energy and reliability
of its supply whether commercial or non-commercial affect economic productivity,
development, and sustenance. The process of global split between energy-rich and
energy-poor that started with industrial revolution continues till date and each nation
is working relentlessly to ensure secure supply of energy from renewable and nonrenewable sources. Energy indicators are developed, and projections are done to
assess future energy scenario and an understanding of complete energy flow and
bottlenecks. India has been undergoing transformative changes since independence
with population, poverty, and energy as the pivotal challenge. With the passage of
every day, India faces the toughest challenge of energizing its economic development
through power generation that is highly dependent on imports of oil, gas, solar panel,
and wind turbines. With climate-related disasters becoming too intense and frequent,
India has no option but to race ahead in replacing dirty fuels with renewables.
Keywords Calorie · Joule · Watt · Tons of oil equivalent · BTU · Tons of coal
equivalent · Energy security · Energy access · Calorific value · British ton ·
American ton · Metric ton · Energy indicators
1700 1740 1780 1820 1860 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100
The Quest for Energy: From Carbohydrate
to Hydrocarbon and beyond (An
illustration)
Coal
Oil and Gas
Renewable
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
A. Srivastav, Energy Dynamics and Climate Mitigation,
Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8940-9_1
1