3.1 Mixing Elements
47
TaN
TaC
(c)
TiC
TiN
(d)
Fig. 3.11 (continued)
hardness and its systematic trends have been reported. Because hardness represents
the bond strength in materials and is considered as a good measure of the bulk
term of the work function for materials with a similar type of bonding, we adopt
the change in hardness upon vacancy introduction to estimate the effect on the bulk
term [9]. Figure 3.16a–c respectively show the hardness of various carbides, nitrides,
and carbonitrides as a function of the valence electron concentration (VEC), which
47
TaN
TaC
(c)
TiC
TiN
(d)
Fig. 3.11 (continued)
hardness and its systematic trends have been reported. Because hardness represents
the bond strength in materials and is considered as a good measure of the bulk
term of the work function for materials with a similar type of bonding, we adopt
the change in hardness upon vacancy introduction to estimate the effect on the bulk
term [9]. Figure 3.16a–c respectively show the hardness of various carbides, nitrides,
and carbonitrides as a function of the valence electron concentration (VEC), which