1 Basic Principles of Modern Organic Solar Cells
21
32. Osaka, I., Saito, M., Koganezawa, T., Takimiya, K.: Thiophene–thiazolothiazole copolymers: Significant impact of side chain composition on backbone orientation and solar cell
performances. Adv. Mater. 26, 331–338 (2014)
33. Scharber, M.C., Mühlbacher, D., Koppe, M., Denk, P., Waldauf, C., Heeger, A.J., Brabec, C.J.:
Design rules for donors in bulk-heterojunction solar cells-Towards 10 % energy-conversion
efficiency. Adv. Mater. 18, 789–794 (2006)
34. Matsuo, Y.: Design concept for high-LUMO-level fullerene electron-acceptors for organic solar
cells. Chem. Lett. 41, 754–759 (2012)
35. Kawashima, K., Tamai, Y., Ohkita, H., Osaka, I., Takimiya, K.: High-efficiency polymer solar
cells with small photon energy loss. Nat. Commun. 6, 10085 (9 pages) (2015)
36. Ran, N.A., Love, J.A., Takacs, C.J., Sadhanala, A., Beavers, J.K., Collins, S.D., Huang, Y.,
Wang, M., Friend, R.H., Bazan, G.C., Nguyen, T.Q.: Harvesting the full potential of photons
with organic solar cells. Adv. Mater. 28, 1482–1488 (2016)
37. Benduhn, J., Tvingstedt, K., Piersimoni, F., Ullbrich, S., Fan, Y., Tropiano, M., McGarry,
K.A., Zeika, O., Riede, M.K., Douglas, C.J., Barlow, S., Marder, S.R., Neher, D., Spoltore, D.,
Vandewal, K.: Intrinsic non-radiative voltage losses in fullerene-based organic solar cells. Nat.
Energy 2, 17053 (2017)
38. Nalwa, K. S., Kodali, H. K., Ganapathysubramanian, B., Chaudhary S.: Dependence of recombination mechanisms and strength on processing conditions in polymer solar cells. Appl. Phys.
Lett. 99, 263301 (4 pages) (2011).
39. Gorenflot, J., Heiber, M. C., Baumann, A., Lorrmann, J., Gunz, M., Kämpgen, A., Dyakonov,
V., Deibel, C.: Nongeminate recombination in neat P3HT and P3HT: PCBM blend films. J.
Appl. Phys. 115, 144502 (9 pages) (2014)
40. Kirchartz, T., Pieters, B. E., Kirkpatrick, J., Rau, U., Nelson, J.: Recombination via tail states
in polythiophene:fullerene solar cells. Phys. Rev. B 83, 115209 (13 pages) (2011)
41. Shintaku, N., Hiramoto, M., Izawa, S.: Effect of trap-assisted recombination on open-circuit
voltage loss in phthalocyanine/fullerene solar cells. Org. Electron. 55, 69–74 (2018)
42. Shockley, W., Queisser, H.J.: Detailed balance limit of efficiency of p-n junction solar cells. J.
Appl. Phys. 32, 510–519 (1961)
43. Li, W., Hendriks, K. H., Furlan, A., Wienk, M. M., Janssen, R.A.: High quantum efficiencies in
polymer solar cells at energy losses below 0.6 eV. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 2231–2234 (2015).
44. Queisser, H.J.: Detailed balance limit for solar cell efficiency. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 159–160,
322–328 (2009)
45. Izawa, S., Shintaku, N., Kikuchi, M., Hiramoto, M.: Importance of interfacial crystallinity to
reduce open-circuit voltage loss in organic solar cells. Appl. Phys Lett. 115, 153301 (4 pages)
(2019).
46. Yakimov, A., Forrest, S.R.: High photovoltage multiple-heterojunction organic solar cells
incorporating interfacial metallic nanoclusters. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1667–1669 (2002)
47. Ameri, T., Dennler, G., Lungenschmied, C., Brabec, C.J.: Organic tandem solar cells: a review.
Energy Environ. Sci. 2, 347–363 (2009) (and references therein)
48. You, J., Dou, L., Yoshimura, K., Kato, T., Ohya, K., Moriarty, T., Emery, K., Chen, C., Gao,
J., Li, G., Yang, Y.: A polymer tandem solar cell with 10.6% power conversion efficiency. Nat.
Commun. 4, 1446 (10 pages), (2012).
49. Chen, C., Chang, W., Yoshimura, K., Ohya, K., You, J., Gao, J., Hong, Z., Yang, Y.: An efficient
triple-junction polymer solar cell having a power conversion efficiency exceeding 11%. Adv.
Mater. 26, 5670–5677 (2014)
50. Ishiyama, N., Kubo, M., Kaji, T., Hiramoto, M.: Tandem organic solar cells formed in codeposited films by doping. Org. Electron. 14, 1793–1796 (2013)
51. https://forschungsinfo.tu-dresden.de/detail/professur/349
52. Lüssem, B., Riede, M., Leo, K.: Doping of organic semiconductors. Phys. Stat. Solidi a 210,
9–43 (2013)
53. Hiramoto, M., Kikuchi, M., Izawa, S.: Parts-per-million-level doping effects in organic
semiconductor films and organic single crystals. Adv. Mater. 30, 1801236 (15 pages) (2018)
21
32. Osaka, I., Saito, M., Koganezawa, T., Takimiya, K.: Thiophene–thiazolothiazole copolymers: Significant impact of side chain composition on backbone orientation and solar cell
performances. Adv. Mater. 26, 331–338 (2014)
33. Scharber, M.C., Mühlbacher, D., Koppe, M., Denk, P., Waldauf, C., Heeger, A.J., Brabec, C.J.:
Design rules for donors in bulk-heterojunction solar cells-Towards 10 % energy-conversion
efficiency. Adv. Mater. 18, 789–794 (2006)
34. Matsuo, Y.: Design concept for high-LUMO-level fullerene electron-acceptors for organic solar
cells. Chem. Lett. 41, 754–759 (2012)
35. Kawashima, K., Tamai, Y., Ohkita, H., Osaka, I., Takimiya, K.: High-efficiency polymer solar
cells with small photon energy loss. Nat. Commun. 6, 10085 (9 pages) (2015)
36. Ran, N.A., Love, J.A., Takacs, C.J., Sadhanala, A., Beavers, J.K., Collins, S.D., Huang, Y.,
Wang, M., Friend, R.H., Bazan, G.C., Nguyen, T.Q.: Harvesting the full potential of photons
with organic solar cells. Adv. Mater. 28, 1482–1488 (2016)
37. Benduhn, J., Tvingstedt, K., Piersimoni, F., Ullbrich, S., Fan, Y., Tropiano, M., McGarry,
K.A., Zeika, O., Riede, M.K., Douglas, C.J., Barlow, S., Marder, S.R., Neher, D., Spoltore, D.,
Vandewal, K.: Intrinsic non-radiative voltage losses in fullerene-based organic solar cells. Nat.
Energy 2, 17053 (2017)
38. Nalwa, K. S., Kodali, H. K., Ganapathysubramanian, B., Chaudhary S.: Dependence of recombination mechanisms and strength on processing conditions in polymer solar cells. Appl. Phys.
Lett. 99, 263301 (4 pages) (2011).
39. Gorenflot, J., Heiber, M. C., Baumann, A., Lorrmann, J., Gunz, M., Kämpgen, A., Dyakonov,
V., Deibel, C.: Nongeminate recombination in neat P3HT and P3HT: PCBM blend films. J.
Appl. Phys. 115, 144502 (9 pages) (2014)
40. Kirchartz, T., Pieters, B. E., Kirkpatrick, J., Rau, U., Nelson, J.: Recombination via tail states
in polythiophene:fullerene solar cells. Phys. Rev. B 83, 115209 (13 pages) (2011)
41. Shintaku, N., Hiramoto, M., Izawa, S.: Effect of trap-assisted recombination on open-circuit
voltage loss in phthalocyanine/fullerene solar cells. Org. Electron. 55, 69–74 (2018)
42. Shockley, W., Queisser, H.J.: Detailed balance limit of efficiency of p-n junction solar cells. J.
Appl. Phys. 32, 510–519 (1961)
43. Li, W., Hendriks, K. H., Furlan, A., Wienk, M. M., Janssen, R.A.: High quantum efficiencies in
polymer solar cells at energy losses below 0.6 eV. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 137, 2231–2234 (2015).
44. Queisser, H.J.: Detailed balance limit for solar cell efficiency. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 159–160,
322–328 (2009)
45. Izawa, S., Shintaku, N., Kikuchi, M., Hiramoto, M.: Importance of interfacial crystallinity to
reduce open-circuit voltage loss in organic solar cells. Appl. Phys Lett. 115, 153301 (4 pages)
(2019).
46. Yakimov, A., Forrest, S.R.: High photovoltage multiple-heterojunction organic solar cells
incorporating interfacial metallic nanoclusters. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1667–1669 (2002)
47. Ameri, T., Dennler, G., Lungenschmied, C., Brabec, C.J.: Organic tandem solar cells: a review.
Energy Environ. Sci. 2, 347–363 (2009) (and references therein)
48. You, J., Dou, L., Yoshimura, K., Kato, T., Ohya, K., Moriarty, T., Emery, K., Chen, C., Gao,
J., Li, G., Yang, Y.: A polymer tandem solar cell with 10.6% power conversion efficiency. Nat.
Commun. 4, 1446 (10 pages), (2012).
49. Chen, C., Chang, W., Yoshimura, K., Ohya, K., You, J., Gao, J., Hong, Z., Yang, Y.: An efficient
triple-junction polymer solar cell having a power conversion efficiency exceeding 11%. Adv.
Mater. 26, 5670–5677 (2014)
50. Ishiyama, N., Kubo, M., Kaji, T., Hiramoto, M.: Tandem organic solar cells formed in codeposited films by doping. Org. Electron. 14, 1793–1796 (2013)
51. https://forschungsinfo.tu-dresden.de/detail/professur/349
52. Lüssem, B., Riede, M., Leo, K.: Doping of organic semiconductors. Phys. Stat. Solidi a 210,
9–43 (2013)
53. Hiramoto, M., Kikuchi, M., Izawa, S.: Parts-per-million-level doping effects in organic
semiconductor films and organic single crystals. Adv. Mater. 30, 1801236 (15 pages) (2018)