173
Huang et al. 2001; Wang and Chen 1999). The synthesis and flame retardancy of
biobased PUs have also been investigated using several biobased molecules such
as castor oil (Vahabi et al. 2020; Bhoyate et al. 2019; Ding et al. 2016), orange
oil (Ranaweera et al. 2017; Zhang et al. 2018), soybean oil (Heinen et al. 2014;
Kirpluks et  al. 2016), sunflower oil (Bhoyate et  al. 2018a), Oenothera biennis
seed oil (Paciorek-Sadowska et al. 2018) and corn oil (Ramanujam et al. 2019).
All biobased solutions consist in synthesis of polyol resulting from the reaction
Table 8.1 (continued)
Type of epoxy resin
Structure of FR
Phosphorus
wt. (%)
LOI UL94 References
DGEBA cured with tetramethyl
bisphenol F dicyanate
(DGEBA-TBFDCy)
2.02
–
V-0
Ho et al.
(2009)
Epoxy acrylate (EA)
2.55
31.5 –
Qian et al.
(2011)
DDM-cured DGEBA
(DDM-DGEBA)
1.7
33.5
Xie et al.
(2014)
1
37 V-0
Xiao et al.
(2014)
1
35.1 V-1
Huo et al.
(2018)
0.75
36.9 V-0
Huo et al.
(2018)
1
39.1 V-0
Huo et al.
(2018)
0.56
31.4 V-0
Jian et al.
(2017)
–
0.95
33.3 V-0
Jian et al.
(2017)
8 Flame Retardancy of Reactive and Functional Polymers