5 Bioactive Peptides Derived from Whey Proteins
In addition to the bioactivity inherent to whey proteins, these proteins also contain
peptides that, once released from the primary sequence, present bioactivity often
different from that associated with the protein parent molecules. A vast number of
authors identified a considerable number of bioactive peptides as fragments of whey
proteins. These fragments still can be searched, and a vast number of them are
available in specialized databases. For this reason, the following sub-chapters
illustrate some important examples that made the bridge between the bioactive
peptides with their relevant biological activities, namely anticancer, antidiabetic,
antihypertensive, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and opioid
properties (Fig. 7) [84].
Fig. 6 Percentage of soluble protein concentration obtained in each chromatographic step (Load,
Washing, and Elution) using cationic exchanger column (SP-Sepharose XL
™
) used to adsorb the
peptides and fragments present in the sweet whey hydrolysate supernatant, washing steps with
citrate buffer 20 mM pH 4.5, and purification by elution with eluents presenting increased
concentration of NaCl. The initial soluble concentration (100%) was 1.0 mg/mL
Bioactive petides released in gastrointestinal tract
Antidiabetic
Antihypertensive
Anticancer
- Inhibition DPP IV enzyme
- Inhibition α-glucosidase
Antimicrobial
Antioxidant
Immunomodulatory
Opioid
Fig. 7 Different physiological and biological activities of whey protein hydrolysates released in
the gastrointestinal tract
Enzymatic Production of Bioactive Peptides from Whey Proteins …
491
In addition to the bioactivity inherent to whey proteins, these proteins also contain
peptides that, once released from the primary sequence, present bioactivity often
different from that associated with the protein parent molecules. A vast number of
authors identified a considerable number of bioactive peptides as fragments of whey
proteins. These fragments still can be searched, and a vast number of them are
available in specialized databases. For this reason, the following sub-chapters
illustrate some important examples that made the bridge between the bioactive
peptides with their relevant biological activities, namely anticancer, antidiabetic,
antihypertensive, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and opioid
properties (Fig. 7) [84].
Fig. 6 Percentage of soluble protein concentration obtained in each chromatographic step (Load,
Washing, and Elution) using cationic exchanger column (SP-Sepharose XL
™
) used to adsorb the
peptides and fragments present in the sweet whey hydrolysate supernatant, washing steps with
citrate buffer 20 mM pH 4.5, and purification by elution with eluents presenting increased
concentration of NaCl. The initial soluble concentration (100%) was 1.0 mg/mL
Bioactive petides released in gastrointestinal tract
Antidiabetic
Antihypertensive
Anticancer
- Inhibition DPP IV enzyme
- Inhibition α-glucosidase
Antimicrobial
Antioxidant
Immunomodulatory
Opioid
Fig. 7 Different physiological and biological activities of whey protein hydrolysates released in
the gastrointestinal tract
Enzymatic Production of Bioactive Peptides from Whey Proteins …
491