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68 C. Li, X. G. Yang, Z. Y. Zhao et al.,
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69 J. Q. Hu, Q. Y. Lu, K. B. Tang et al.,
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70 X. F. Qian, X. M. Zhang, C. Wang et
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71 Y. L. Gu, F. Guo, Y. T. Qian et al.,
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72 J. Q. Hu, Q. Y. Lu, K. B. Tang et al.,
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73 J. Q. Hu, Q. Y. Lu, K. B. Tang et al.,
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74 K. B. Tang, J. Q. Hu, Q. Y. Lu et al.,
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75 Z. Y. Meng, Y. Y. Peng, Z. P. Yang
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76 Z. Y. Meng, Y. Y. Peng, Y. T. Qian,
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77 Y. Xie, H. L. Su, B. Li et al., Mater.
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78 Y. L. Gu, F. Guo, Y. T. Qian et al.,
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79 X. F. Qian, Y. Xie, Y. T. Qian et al.,
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32 Y. Xie, W. Z. Wang, Y. T. Qian et al.,
Chin. Sci. Bull. 1999, 41 (23), 1964–
1968.
33 S. M. Gao, J. Lu, N. Chen et al.,
Chem. Commun. 2002, 3064.
34 A. Addamiano, J. Electrochem. Soc.
1961, 108, 1072.
35 J. W. Hwuang et al., Chem. Mater.
1995, 7, 517.
36 J. B. Wiley, R. B. Kaner, Science 1992,
255, 1093.
37 J. O. Fitzmaunce, A. Hector, Polyhedron 1994, 13, 235.
38 Y. Xie, Y. T. Qian, W. Z. Wang et al.,
Science 1996, 272, 1926.
39 Y. Xie, Y. T. Qian, S. Y. Zhang et al.,
Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 69 (3), 334–336.
40 H. Xia, Q. Xia, A. L. Rouff, Phys. Rev.
B 1993, 47, 12925.
41 J. Q. Hu, B. Deng, W. K. Zhang et
al., Chem. Phys. Lett. 2002, 351 (3–4),
229–234.
42 Z. F. Li, Y. L. Gu, H. Z. Gu et al.,
unpublished work.
43 Y. D. Li, X. F. Duan, Y. T. Qian et al.,
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119 (33),
7869–7870.
44 W. R. Penrose, CRC Crit. Rev.
Environ. Control 1974, 465.
45 Y. Xie, P. Yan, J. Lu et al., Chem.
Mater. 1999, 11 (9), 2619–2622.
46 B. Li, Y. Xie, J. X. Huang et al., Ultrasonics Sonochem. 2001, 8 (4), 331–334.
47 P. Yan, Y. Xie, W. Z. Wang et al., J.
Mater. Chem. 1999, 9 (8), 1831–1833.
48 J. Lu, Y. Xie, X. X. Jiang et al., Can. J.
Chem. 2001, 79 (2), 127–130.
49 Q. Yang, Y. T. Qian, unpublished
work.
50 F. P. Bundy, H. T. Hall, H. M.
Strong et al., Nature, 1955, 176,
51.
51 X. Z. Zhao, R. Roy, K. A. Cherian et
al., Nature 1997, 385, 513.
52 S. J. Harris, Appl. Phys. Lett. 1990, 56,
2298; S. S. Lee, D. W. Minsek, D. J.
Vestyck et al., Science, 1994, 263,
1596; J. J. Wu, F. C. N. Hong, Appl.
Phys. Lett. 1997, 70, 185.
53 Y. Li and Y. T. Qian et al., Science.
1998, 281 (5374), 246–247.
54 S. Iijima, Nature, 1991, 354, 56.
55 T. Guo, P. Nikolaev, Chem. Phys.
Lett. 1996, 260, 471.
56 S. Herreyre, P. Gadelle, Carbon
1995, 33, 234.
57 N. M. Rodriguez, J. Mater. Res. 1993,
8, 3233.
58 S. Iijima, T. Ichihashi, Nature, 1993,
363, 603.
59 Y. Jiang, Y. Wu, S. Zhang et al., J.
Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 12383.
60 M. W. Shao, Q. Li, J. Wu et al.,
Carbon 2002, 40 (15), 2961–2963.
61 X. J. Wang, J. Lu, Y. Xie et al., J.
Phys. Chem. B 2002, 106, 933.
62 J. R. Heath, Science, 1992, 258, 1131.
63 J. J. Ritter, Adv. Ceram. 1987, 21, 21.
64 Q. Y. Lu, J. Q. Hu, K. B. Tang et al.,
Appl. Phys. Lett. 1999, 75 (4), 507–509.
65 J. Q. Hu, Q. Y. Lu, K. B. Tang et al.,
Chem. Mater. 1999, 11 (9), 2369–2371.
66 J. Q. Hu, Q. K. Lu, K. B. Tang et al.,
J. Phys. Chem. B 2000, 104 (22), 5251–
5254.
67 Q. Y. Lu, J. Q. Hu, K. B. Tang et al.,
Chem. Phys. Lett. 1999, 314 (1–2), 37–
39.
68 C. Li, X. G. Yang, Z. Y. Zhao et al.,
Chem. Lett. 2002, (11), 1088–1089.
69 J. Q. Hu, Q. Y. Lu, K. B. Tang et al.,
Chem. Lett. 2000, (5), 474–475.
70 X. F. Qian, X. M. Zhang, C. Wang et
al., Mater. Res. Bull. 1999, 34 (3), 433–
436.
71 Y. L. Gu, F. Guo, Y. T. Qian et al.,
Mater. Lett. 2003, 57 (11), 1679.
72 J. Q. Hu, Q. Y. Lu, K. B. Tang et al.,
J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 83 (2), 430–
432.
73 J. Q. Hu, Q. Y. Lu, K. B. Tang et al.,
Chem. Lett. 2000, (1), 74–75.
74 K. B. Tang, J. Q. Hu, Q. Y. Lu et al.,
Adv. Mater. 1999, 11 (8), 653.
75 Z. Y. Meng, Y. Y. Peng, Z. P. Yang
et al., Chem. Lett. 2000, (11), 1252–
1253.
76 Z. Y. Meng, Y. Y. Peng, Y. T. Qian,
Chem. Commun. 2001, (5), 469–470.
77 Y. Xie, H. L. Su, B. Li et al., Mater.
Res. Bull. 2000, 35 (5), 675–680.
78 Y. L. Gu, F. Guo, Y. T. Qian et al.,
Mater. Res. Bull. 2002, 37 (6), 1101–
1105.
79 X. F. Qian, Y. Xie, Y. T. Qian et al.,
Mater. Sci. Eng. 1997, B49 (2), 135–137.
References 205