Chapter 9
Molecular Designs for Solid-State
Luminescent Properties and Recent
Progresses on the Development
of Functional Luminescent Solid
Materials
Kazuo Tanaka, Masayuki Gon, and Yoshiki Chujo
Abstract Luminescent organic dyes are known to be an essential building block for
developing modern organic optoelectronic devices. In these devices, organic dyes
are normally used as a film. However, most of the organic dyes suffer from the
quenching effect induced in the condensed state, named as concentration quenching
or aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). Therefore, so far, various strategies have
been proposed for overcoming ACQ. In this chapter, we survey conventional strategies for suppressing ACQ and obtaining intense solid-state emission mainly regarding
boron-containing materials which are known to be a platform for designing luminescent dyes. A series of typical examples to exhibit solid-state emission are presented
in each part. Initially, luminescent organic– inorganic hybrids are illustrated. ACQ
is often induced through non-specific intermolecular interactions in the condensed
state. In order to realize the solution-like situation where each dye molecule is isolated
from each other, the transparent hybrid matrices were useful as a scaffold. Recent
progresses on the development of conjugated polymer-based hybrids by employing
hybrid molecules as a building block is also demonstrated. The similar strategy
for isolating dye molecules is accomplished by introducing steric substituents and
structures near the chromophore moiety. Particularly, this strategy is conventionally applied for obtaining luminescent polymer films. Moreover, by assembling
heterogeneous types of dyes at the cardo structure in the polymer main chains, the
multiple emission bands originating from each dye were able to be simultaneously
observed from the film samples. These results on simultaneous multiple emission
bands are explained. Next topics are regarding aggregation-induced emission (AIE)active molecules. By suppressing molecular motions at the steric moiety, intense
K. Tanaka (B) · M. Gon · Y. Chujo
Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University,
Nishikyo-ku, Katsura 615-8510, Japan
e-mail: tanaka@poly.synchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
M. Gon
e-mail: gon@poly.synchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Y. Chujo
e-mail: chujo@poly.synchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
Y. Ooyama and S. Yagi (eds.), Progress in the Science of Functional Dyes,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4392-4_9
309
Molecular Designs for Solid-State
Luminescent Properties and Recent
Progresses on the Development
of Functional Luminescent Solid
Materials
Kazuo Tanaka, Masayuki Gon, and Yoshiki Chujo
Abstract Luminescent organic dyes are known to be an essential building block for
developing modern organic optoelectronic devices. In these devices, organic dyes
are normally used as a film. However, most of the organic dyes suffer from the
quenching effect induced in the condensed state, named as concentration quenching
or aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). Therefore, so far, various strategies have
been proposed for overcoming ACQ. In this chapter, we survey conventional strategies for suppressing ACQ and obtaining intense solid-state emission mainly regarding
boron-containing materials which are known to be a platform for designing luminescent dyes. A series of typical examples to exhibit solid-state emission are presented
in each part. Initially, luminescent organic– inorganic hybrids are illustrated. ACQ
is often induced through non-specific intermolecular interactions in the condensed
state. In order to realize the solution-like situation where each dye molecule is isolated
from each other, the transparent hybrid matrices were useful as a scaffold. Recent
progresses on the development of conjugated polymer-based hybrids by employing
hybrid molecules as a building block is also demonstrated. The similar strategy
for isolating dye molecules is accomplished by introducing steric substituents and
structures near the chromophore moiety. Particularly, this strategy is conventionally applied for obtaining luminescent polymer films. Moreover, by assembling
heterogeneous types of dyes at the cardo structure in the polymer main chains, the
multiple emission bands originating from each dye were able to be simultaneously
observed from the film samples. These results on simultaneous multiple emission
bands are explained. Next topics are regarding aggregation-induced emission (AIE)active molecules. By suppressing molecular motions at the steric moiety, intense
K. Tanaka (B) · M. Gon · Y. Chujo
Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University,
Nishikyo-ku, Katsura 615-8510, Japan
e-mail: tanaka@poly.synchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
M. Gon
e-mail: gon@poly.synchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Y. Chujo
e-mail: chujo@poly.synchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
Y. Ooyama and S. Yagi (eds.), Progress in the Science of Functional Dyes,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4392-4_9
309