28  ◾  Fundamental Food Microbiology
Proteolytic Bacteria
These bacteria can hydrolyze proteins because they produce extracellular proteinases. Species in genera Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Clostridium, Pseudomonas, Alteromonas, Flavobacterium,
Alcaligenes, some in Enterobacteriaceae, and Brevibacterium are included in this group.
Lipolytic Bacteria
These bacteria hydrolyze triglycerides because they produce extracellular lipases. Species in genera
Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Alteromonas, and Flavobacterium are included in this
group.
Saccharolytic Bacteria
These are bacteria that are able to hydrolyze complex carbohydrates. Species in genera Bacillus,
Clostridium, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, and Enterobacter are included in this group.
Thermophilic Bacteria
These are bacteria that are able to grow at 50°C and above. Species from genera Bacillus, Clostridium,
Pediococcus, Streptococcus, and Lactobacillus are included in this group.
Psychrotrophic Bacteria
These are bacteria that are able to grow at refrigerated temperature (≤5°C). Some species
from Pseudomonas, Alteromonas, Alcaligenes, Flavobacterium, Serratia, Bacillus, Clostridium,
Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Carnobacterium, Brochothrix, Listeria, Yersinia, and Aeromonas are
included in this group.
Thermoduric Bacteria
They are bacteria that are able to survive pasteurization temperature treatment. Some species from
Micrococcus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Bacillus (spores), and Clostridium (spores) are
included in this group.
Halotolerant Bacteria
They are bacteria that are able to survive high salt concentrations (≥10%). Some species from
Bacillus, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Pediococcus, Vibrio, and Corynebacterium are included in this
group.
Aciduric Bacteria
These are bacteria that are able to survive at low pH (<4.0). Some species from Lactobacillus,
Pediococcus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus are included in this group.