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W. Karanja and N. Njenga
11.4.1 International Treaties and Initiatives on SLO
As discussed, neither obtaining formal licences nor meeting regulatory
requirements is enough to facilitate the smooth running of operations
by investor companies. SLO is an important component, and as demonstrated in Sect. 11.2, hostile pushback by the communities has been
experienced even where companies have complied with the legal and
regulatory formalities.
Various international conventions and voluntary international obligations by states and companies have supplemented national laws in
providing for SLO related matters. Some examples are discussed below.
a. The United Nations Global Compact which was launched in 2000
by the UN.
71 It is non-binding and encourages businesses worldwide to adopt sustainable and socially responsible policies. The Global
Compact has ten (10) Principles in the areas of human rights; labour;
the environment and anti-corruption. Among others, companies are
required to support and respect the protection of human rights
and make sure that they are not complicit in human rights abuses;
eliminate all forms of forced labour, compulsory labour and child
labour; eliminate discrimination in employment; support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges and promote greater
environmental responsibility and work against corruption in all its
forms.
b. The Equator Principles, adopted in 2010.
72 The Equator is a risk
management framework, adopted by 101 financial institutions in 38
countries for determining, assessing and managing environmental and
71 Kingo, Lise. 2019. “The UN Global Compact: Finding Solutions to Global Challenges”.
Un.Org. https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/un-global-compact-finding-solutions-global-challe
nges.
Kingo L, 2019 ‘The UN Global Compact: Finding Solutions to Global Challenges | United
Nations’ (Un.org). https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/un-global-compact-finding-solutions-glo
bal-challenges, accessed May 27, 2020.
72 “The Equator Principles”. 2010. The Equator Principles. https://equator-principles.com/
about/.
‘The Equator Principles’ (equator-principles.com, 2019). https://equator-principles.com/
about/, accessed May 27, 2020.
W. Karanja and N. Njenga
11.4.1 International Treaties and Initiatives on SLO
As discussed, neither obtaining formal licences nor meeting regulatory
requirements is enough to facilitate the smooth running of operations
by investor companies. SLO is an important component, and as demonstrated in Sect. 11.2, hostile pushback by the communities has been
experienced even where companies have complied with the legal and
regulatory formalities.
Various international conventions and voluntary international obligations by states and companies have supplemented national laws in
providing for SLO related matters. Some examples are discussed below.
a. The United Nations Global Compact which was launched in 2000
by the UN.
71 It is non-binding and encourages businesses worldwide to adopt sustainable and socially responsible policies. The Global
Compact has ten (10) Principles in the areas of human rights; labour;
the environment and anti-corruption. Among others, companies are
required to support and respect the protection of human rights
and make sure that they are not complicit in human rights abuses;
eliminate all forms of forced labour, compulsory labour and child
labour; eliminate discrimination in employment; support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges and promote greater
environmental responsibility and work against corruption in all its
forms.
b. The Equator Principles, adopted in 2010.
72 The Equator is a risk
management framework, adopted by 101 financial institutions in 38
countries for determining, assessing and managing environmental and
71 Kingo, Lise. 2019. “The UN Global Compact: Finding Solutions to Global Challenges”.
Un.Org. https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/un-global-compact-finding-solutions-global-challe
nges.
Kingo L, 2019 ‘The UN Global Compact: Finding Solutions to Global Challenges | United
Nations’ (Un.org). https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/un-global-compact-finding-solutions-glo
bal-challenges, accessed May 27, 2020.
72 “The Equator Principles”. 2010. The Equator Principles. https://equator-principles.com/
about/.
‘The Equator Principles’ (equator-principles.com, 2019). https://equator-principles.com/
about/, accessed May 27, 2020.