11 Social Licence to Operate in the Energy Transition Era …
353
and wildlife due to the fact that the Albertine region houses ten of
Uganda’s twenty-two national parks and protected game reserves, such as
Murchison Falls National Park.
38 This community resistance has significantly contributed to the fact that Uganda has not yet commenced crude
production more than ten years after discovery.
It is noteworthy that as at the time of this publication, Tullow had
exited the Uganda project by selling the entirety of its stake to TOTAL
for USD 575 million, as it strives to raise USD 1 billion in 2020 in order
to reduce its USD 2.8 billion of debt.
39
11.3 East African Oil and Gas Laws
in Relation to SLO
In a continuing effort to encourage SLO so as to foster projects for
economic development, the East African governments have formulated new laws and institutional directives which specifically provide
for aspects of SLO, such as prior and informed consent, mandatory
legislated corporate social responsibility (CSR), community development agreements and programmes, local content requirements, among
others. This section provides a background of the laws relevant to aspects
SLO in the three (3) East African countries and the institutional directives that have been formulated to enforce corporate and Government
responsibility to enforce SLO.
11.3.1 Kenya’s Oil and Gas Laws and SLO
The recognition of community and stakeholder rights in the oil and gas
sector was introduced in the 2010 Constitution of Kenya.
40 Articles 10
38 Ibid.
39 Nasralla S, ‘Tullow Exits Uganda Project, Sells Stake to Total For $575 Million’
(reuters.com, 2020). https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tullow-m-a-total/tullow-exits-uganda-pro
ject-sells-stake-to-total-for-575-million-idUSKCN2250KD accessed May 18, 2020.
40 “Kenya Law: The Constitution of Kenya”. 2019. Kenyalaw.Org. http://kenyalaw.org/kl/index.
php?id=398, accessed May 27, 2020.
353
and wildlife due to the fact that the Albertine region houses ten of
Uganda’s twenty-two national parks and protected game reserves, such as
Murchison Falls National Park.
38 This community resistance has significantly contributed to the fact that Uganda has not yet commenced crude
production more than ten years after discovery.
It is noteworthy that as at the time of this publication, Tullow had
exited the Uganda project by selling the entirety of its stake to TOTAL
for USD 575 million, as it strives to raise USD 1 billion in 2020 in order
to reduce its USD 2.8 billion of debt.
39
11.3 East African Oil and Gas Laws
in Relation to SLO
In a continuing effort to encourage SLO so as to foster projects for
economic development, the East African governments have formulated new laws and institutional directives which specifically provide
for aspects of SLO, such as prior and informed consent, mandatory
legislated corporate social responsibility (CSR), community development agreements and programmes, local content requirements, among
others. This section provides a background of the laws relevant to aspects
SLO in the three (3) East African countries and the institutional directives that have been formulated to enforce corporate and Government
responsibility to enforce SLO.
11.3.1 Kenya’s Oil and Gas Laws and SLO
The recognition of community and stakeholder rights in the oil and gas
sector was introduced in the 2010 Constitution of Kenya.
40 Articles 10
38 Ibid.
39 Nasralla S, ‘Tullow Exits Uganda Project, Sells Stake to Total For $575 Million’
(reuters.com, 2020). https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tullow-m-a-total/tullow-exits-uganda-pro
ject-sells-stake-to-total-for-575-million-idUSKCN2250KD accessed May 18, 2020.
40 “Kenya Law: The Constitution of Kenya”. 2019. Kenyalaw.Org. http://kenyalaw.org/kl/index.
php?id=398, accessed May 27, 2020.