Synthesis of HA–Collagen
and HA–Collagen–Alginate
Nanocomposites
Zoriana Voitko, Alla Serhiienko, Tetiana Dontsova, Svitlana Nahirniak,
and Andrii Lapinskyi
1 General
1.1 Introduction
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a crystal–chemical analogue of the mineral component of
skeletal tissues of animals and humans, which is part of the tooth enamel (95–
97%), dentin (70–75%), and bone tissue (60–70%). The crystalline structure of HA
belongs to the spatial group P63/m of hexagonal syngony. Stoichiometric HA can
also be attributed to the spatial group P21/b of monoclinic syngony. The reduction in
symmetry to monoclinic results from the ordering of the OH groups arrangement in
calcium channels, as well as the mutual ordering of these channels, in the way that
there is a twofold increase in the parameter b of the unit cell, whose parameters are
a = 9432 Å, c = 6881 Å [1].
The main structural element of HA is phosphate tetrahedra PO 4 . It forms a rigid
three-dimensional framework with axial channels along the crystallographic direction (001). Ca
2+ cations occupy two crystallographically different positions in the
Z. Voitko (B) · A. Serhiienko · T. Dontsova · S. Nahirniak · A. Lapinskyi
Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Kyiv, Ukraine
e-mail: zoriana1007l@gmail.com
A. Serhiienko
e-mail: allasergienko706@gmail.com
T. Dontsova
e-mail: dontsova@ua.fm
S. Nahirniak
e-mail: nagirnyak_sv@ukr.net
A. Lapinskyi
e-mail: andlapinskiy@gmail.com
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
O. Fesenko and L. Yatsenko (eds.), Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites,
Nanostructure Surfaces, and Their Applications, Springer Proceedings
in Physics 246, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51905-6_48
709
and HA–Collagen–Alginate
Nanocomposites
Zoriana Voitko, Alla Serhiienko, Tetiana Dontsova, Svitlana Nahirniak,
and Andrii Lapinskyi
1 General
1.1 Introduction
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a crystal–chemical analogue of the mineral component of
skeletal tissues of animals and humans, which is part of the tooth enamel (95–
97%), dentin (70–75%), and bone tissue (60–70%). The crystalline structure of HA
belongs to the spatial group P63/m of hexagonal syngony. Stoichiometric HA can
also be attributed to the spatial group P21/b of monoclinic syngony. The reduction in
symmetry to monoclinic results from the ordering of the OH groups arrangement in
calcium channels, as well as the mutual ordering of these channels, in the way that
there is a twofold increase in the parameter b of the unit cell, whose parameters are
a = 9432 Å, c = 6881 Å [1].
The main structural element of HA is phosphate tetrahedra PO 4 . It forms a rigid
three-dimensional framework with axial channels along the crystallographic direction (001). Ca
2+ cations occupy two crystallographically different positions in the
Z. Voitko (B) · A. Serhiienko · T. Dontsova · S. Nahirniak · A. Lapinskyi
Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Kyiv, Ukraine
e-mail: zoriana1007l@gmail.com
A. Serhiienko
e-mail: allasergienko706@gmail.com
T. Dontsova
e-mail: dontsova@ua.fm
S. Nahirniak
e-mail: nagirnyak_sv@ukr.net
A. Lapinskyi
e-mail: andlapinskiy@gmail.com
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
O. Fesenko and L. Yatsenko (eds.), Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites,
Nanostructure Surfaces, and Their Applications, Springer Proceedings
in Physics 246, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51905-6_48
709