36
L. S. Martseniuk and A. S. Martseniuk
The similar working installation has started recently in Ukraine in the Institute of
nuclear researches where the fact of an opportunity of reception of superfluous energy
also has been established due to low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR), working
without excretions of radioactive radiation [2].
Annual scientific conferences and numerous publications on cold nuclear fusion
(CNF) and low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) give hope that the extremely important for mankind a problem of industrial reception of superfluous heat due to lowenergy nuclear reactions in the near future will be successfully solved. Especially,
as follows from the researches which have been carried out still L. Kervran and his
predecessors, alive organisms find their own ways for realization of such reactions
for satisfactions of the vital tasks.
It specifies on actuality of researches of the low-energy phenomena in alive
objects, as systems in which cold nuclear synthesis really occurs, with the purpose
of creation of theoretical bases of this phenomenon and its possible reproduction in
practical tasks.
Despite the significant successes achieved in this way, the uniform theory of this
phenomenon till now is not created; experimental results are not steadily reproduced. It causes nonacceptance of the received results by some conservative-minded
scientists. However, in the objections, they based on the theory advanced for hightemperature nuclear synthesis which is not acceptable for the description of the
phenomena of cold synthesis in the coherent environment or biological organisms,
the nanostructural elements of which are the quantum coherent macrostructures.
For the further description of such processes in coherent systems, we will take
the definition of coherentness, presented by W. Nerst still in 1916 [3].
W. Nerst has come out with the assumption, that quantum fluctuations of elementary components of physical systems can be adjusted synchronously, leading to the
occurrence of collective, with a uniform phase, oscillations. Oscillations of many
components thus occur in unison. Particles behave as a unit; therefore, there is a loss
of their individuality.
The dynamic regime corresponding to such possibility is named coherence, and
it is really found out in superfluid helium, crystals, magnets, superconductors, etc.
systems where arise a similar picture of ordering. However, for occurrence of coherence (according to W. Nersta’s definition) in such macrosystems, it is necessary that
for them the certain conditions have been executed (sufficient density, the temperature conditions providing certain structural transformations, etc.) which are achieved
by macrosystems at temperatures T crit . In nanostructural of alive organisms, such
conditions are carried out at room temperatures [4].
According to [5], the state of quantum system of a macrosystem is defined as
coherent if it is characterized by such size as a phase.
The quantum field is characterized by amplitude ψ 0 in which square is proportional
to number of quantums, and a phase φ:
ψ = ψ 0 e
iφ
= a
√
N e
iφ
.
(1)
In this case, water system N is the number of molecules in the allocated volume.
L. S. Martseniuk and A. S. Martseniuk
The similar working installation has started recently in Ukraine in the Institute of
nuclear researches where the fact of an opportunity of reception of superfluous energy
also has been established due to low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR), working
without excretions of radioactive radiation [2].
Annual scientific conferences and numerous publications on cold nuclear fusion
(CNF) and low-energy nuclear reactions (LENR) give hope that the extremely important for mankind a problem of industrial reception of superfluous heat due to lowenergy nuclear reactions in the near future will be successfully solved. Especially,
as follows from the researches which have been carried out still L. Kervran and his
predecessors, alive organisms find their own ways for realization of such reactions
for satisfactions of the vital tasks.
It specifies on actuality of researches of the low-energy phenomena in alive
objects, as systems in which cold nuclear synthesis really occurs, with the purpose
of creation of theoretical bases of this phenomenon and its possible reproduction in
practical tasks.
Despite the significant successes achieved in this way, the uniform theory of this
phenomenon till now is not created; experimental results are not steadily reproduced. It causes nonacceptance of the received results by some conservative-minded
scientists. However, in the objections, they based on the theory advanced for hightemperature nuclear synthesis which is not acceptable for the description of the
phenomena of cold synthesis in the coherent environment or biological organisms,
the nanostructural elements of which are the quantum coherent macrostructures.
For the further description of such processes in coherent systems, we will take
the definition of coherentness, presented by W. Nerst still in 1916 [3].
W. Nerst has come out with the assumption, that quantum fluctuations of elementary components of physical systems can be adjusted synchronously, leading to the
occurrence of collective, with a uniform phase, oscillations. Oscillations of many
components thus occur in unison. Particles behave as a unit; therefore, there is a loss
of their individuality.
The dynamic regime corresponding to such possibility is named coherence, and
it is really found out in superfluid helium, crystals, magnets, superconductors, etc.
systems where arise a similar picture of ordering. However, for occurrence of coherence (according to W. Nersta’s definition) in such macrosystems, it is necessary that
for them the certain conditions have been executed (sufficient density, the temperature conditions providing certain structural transformations, etc.) which are achieved
by macrosystems at temperatures T crit . In nanostructural of alive organisms, such
conditions are carried out at room temperatures [4].
According to [5], the state of quantum system of a macrosystem is defined as
coherent if it is characterized by such size as a phase.
The quantum field is characterized by amplitude ψ 0 in which square is proportional
to number of quantums, and a phase φ:
ψ = ψ 0 e
iφ
= a
√
N e
iφ
.
(1)
In this case, water system N is the number of molecules in the allocated volume.