Thermodynamic Calculation of Vortex
Granulator Operation for Producing
of Ammonium Nitrate with Nanoporous
Structure
A. E. Artyukhov, A. V. Lytvynenko, J. Krmela, and V. Krmelova
1 Introduction
The granulated ammonium nitrate has been widely used in agriculture as an effective
nitrogen fertilizer. The native industry produces an ordinary ammonium nitrate by
the proven technologies, which have been improved for more than 50 years. At the
same time, the ammonium nitrate is used as a component of the industrial explosive
substance ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil) in the industry [1–3]. Such ammonium
nitrate, called porous ammonium nitrate (PAN), differs significantly by its properties
from the ordinary ammonium nitrate. The ordinary ammonium nitrate can also be a
component of ANFO; however, it has several disadvantages:
1. The ordinary ammonium nitrate is covered with a special shell, which prevents the
premature dissolution of the granules after its addition to the soil. The protective
shell prevents access to the inner pores of the granules.
2. The ordinary ammonium nitrate can be chalked, causing a significant reduction
(and, in fact, loss) of the ability to explode in a mixture with diesel fuel.
A. E. Artyukhov (B) · A. V. Lytvynenko
Processes and Equipment of Chemical and Petroleum-Refineries Department, Sumy State
University, Rymskogo-Korsakova Str 2, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine
e-mail: a.artyukhov@pohnp.sumdu.edu.ua
J. Krmela
Department of Numerical Methods and Computational Modeling, Alexander Dubcek University
of Trencin, 491/30 I. Krasku, 02001 Puchov, Slovak Republic
e-mail: jan.krmela@fpt.tnuni.sk
V. Krmelova
Department of Materials Technologies and Environment, Alexander Dubcek University of
Trencin, 491/30 I. Krasku, 02001 Puchov, Slovak Republic
e-mail: vladimira.krmelova@fpt.tnuni.sk
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
O. Fesenko and L. Yatsenko (eds.), Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites,
Nanostructure Surfaces, and Their Applications, Springer Proceedings
in Physics 246, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51905-6_16
203
Granulator Operation for Producing
of Ammonium Nitrate with Nanoporous
Structure
A. E. Artyukhov, A. V. Lytvynenko, J. Krmela, and V. Krmelova
1 Introduction
The granulated ammonium nitrate has been widely used in agriculture as an effective
nitrogen fertilizer. The native industry produces an ordinary ammonium nitrate by
the proven technologies, which have been improved for more than 50 years. At the
same time, the ammonium nitrate is used as a component of the industrial explosive
substance ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil) in the industry [1–3]. Such ammonium
nitrate, called porous ammonium nitrate (PAN), differs significantly by its properties
from the ordinary ammonium nitrate. The ordinary ammonium nitrate can also be a
component of ANFO; however, it has several disadvantages:
1. The ordinary ammonium nitrate is covered with a special shell, which prevents the
premature dissolution of the granules after its addition to the soil. The protective
shell prevents access to the inner pores of the granules.
2. The ordinary ammonium nitrate can be chalked, causing a significant reduction
(and, in fact, loss) of the ability to explode in a mixture with diesel fuel.
A. E. Artyukhov (B) · A. V. Lytvynenko
Processes and Equipment of Chemical and Petroleum-Refineries Department, Sumy State
University, Rymskogo-Korsakova Str 2, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine
e-mail: a.artyukhov@pohnp.sumdu.edu.ua
J. Krmela
Department of Numerical Methods and Computational Modeling, Alexander Dubcek University
of Trencin, 491/30 I. Krasku, 02001 Puchov, Slovak Republic
e-mail: jan.krmela@fpt.tnuni.sk
V. Krmelova
Department of Materials Technologies and Environment, Alexander Dubcek University of
Trencin, 491/30 I. Krasku, 02001 Puchov, Slovak Republic
e-mail: vladimira.krmelova@fpt.tnuni.sk
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
O. Fesenko and L. Yatsenko (eds.), Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites,
Nanostructure Surfaces, and Their Applications, Springer Proceedings
in Physics 246, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51905-6_16
203