29 Structural Study of the Modified Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4 . . .
463
Fig. 29.2 Experimental (rings), theoretical (line), and difference XRD pattern (down) for micro(a) and macro-modified (b) Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4 ceramics (row of reflexes is the basic spinel
phase)
In respect to SEM investigations, the Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4 ceramics contained large grains (∼10 mm) as well as relatively sharp grain boundaries. So-called
“closed” pores have a spherical form and are located mainly near grain boundaries.
As it is obvious from electron micrographs (Fig. 29.4), micro- and micro-modified
Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4 ceramics differ only by pores [20]. The neatly shaping
grains with comparatively tiny pores (∼1 mm) are characteristic for micro-modified
Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4 samples, while macro-modified Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4
ceramics contain similar crystalline grains with larger pores (reaching in size up to
∼10 mm).
463
Fig. 29.2 Experimental (rings), theoretical (line), and difference XRD pattern (down) for micro(a) and macro-modified (b) Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4 ceramics (row of reflexes is the basic spinel
phase)
In respect to SEM investigations, the Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4 ceramics contained large grains (∼10 mm) as well as relatively sharp grain boundaries. So-called
“closed” pores have a spherical form and are located mainly near grain boundaries.
As it is obvious from electron micrographs (Fig. 29.4), micro- and micro-modified
Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4 ceramics differ only by pores [20]. The neatly shaping
grains with comparatively tiny pores (∼1 mm) are characteristic for micro-modified
Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4 samples, while macro-modified Cu 0.4 Co 0.4 Ni 0.4 Mn 1.8 O 4
ceramics contain similar crystalline grains with larger pores (reaching in size up to
∼10 mm).