182
9 Bioinspired Hierarchically Structured Polymer Interfaces …
Live-Dead Cell Staining. To test the cell viability after cell release, a fluorescent
live-dead staining assay was used to visualize the proportion of viable cells present
of released cells after 24 h. 4 μl FDA (10 mg ml
−1 ) and 50 μl PI (2 mg ml
−1 ) were
added in 5 ml PBS solution to prepare the assay solution. For the cell staining, the
cell medium was first removed, then the surface of culture plate was washed with
PBS solution twice. The assay solution (400 μl) was pipetted into each well cultured
with the released cells. After 15 min incubation in the dark, the staining solution was
removed, then the surface of cell culture plate was washed with PBS solution. The
labeled cells were then viewed under a fluorescence microscope (Axiovert 135, Carl
Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany).
References
1. Sekine J, Luo SC, Wang ST, Zhu B, Tseng HR, Yu HH (2011) Functionalized conducting
polymer nanodots for enhanced cell capturing: the synergistic effect of capture agents and
nanostructures. Adv Mater 23:4788–4792
2. Liu XL, Chen L, Liu HL, Yang G, Zhang PC, Han D, Wang ST, Jiang L (2013) Bio-inspired
soft polystyrene nanotube substrate for rapid and highly efficient breast cancer-cell capture.
NPG Asia Mater 5:e63
3. Liu MX, He R, Yang J, Zhao W, Zhou CR (2016) Stripe-like clay nanotubes patterns in glass
capillary tubes for capture of tumor cell. ACS Appl Mater Interf 8:7709–7719
4. Wang SQ, Wan Y, Liu YL (2014) Effects of nanopillar array diameter and spacing on cancer
cell capture and cell behaviors. Nanoscale 6:12482–12489
5. Liu HL, Li YY, Sun K, Fan JB, Zhang PC, Meng JX, Wang ST, Jiang L (2013) Dual-responsive
surfaces modified with phenylboronic acid-containing polymer brush to reversibly capture and
release cancer cells. J Am Chem Soc 135:7603–7609
6. Zhang NG, Deng YL, Tai QD, Cheng BR, Zhao LB, Shen QL, He RX, Hong LY, Liu W,
Guo SS, Liu K, Tseng HR, Xiong B, Zhao XZ (2012) Electrospun TiO 2 nanofiber-based cell
capture assay for detecting circulating tumor cells from colorectal and gastric cancer patients.
Adv Mater 24:2756–2760
7. Zhao YL, Fan ZY, Shen MW, Shi XY (2015) Hyaluronic acid-functionalized electrospun
polyvinyl alcohol/polyethyleneimine nanofibers for cancer cell capture applications. Adv Mater
Interf 2:1500256
8. Lee SK, Kim GS, Wu Y, Kim DJ, Lu Y, Kwak M, Han L, Hyung JH, Seol JK, Sander C, Gonzalez
A, Li J, Fan R (2012) Nanowire substrate-based laser scanning cytometry for quantitation of
circulating tumor cells. Nano Lett 12:2697–2704
9. Lv SW, Liu Y, Xie M, Wang J, Yan XW, Li Z, Dong WG, Huang WH (2016) Near-infrared
light-responsive hydrogel for specific recognition and photothermal site-release of circulating
tumor cell. ACS Nano 10:6201–6210
10. Zhang PC, Chen L, Xu TL, Liu HL, Liu XL, Meng JX, Yang G, Jiang L, Wang ST (2013)
Programmable fractal nanostructured interfaces for specific recognition and electrochemical
release of cancer cells. Adv Mater 25:3566–3570
11. Wang LY, Liu HL, Zhang FL, Li GN, Wang ST (2016) Smart thin hydrogel coating harnessing
hydrophobicity and topography to capture and release cancer cells. Small 12:4691–4701
12. Wang ST, Wang H, Jiao J, Chen KJ, Owens GE, Kamei KI, Sun J, Sherman DJ, Behrenbruch
CP, Wu H, Tseng HR (2009) Three-dimensional nanostructured substrates toward efficient
capture of circulating tumor cells. Angew Chem Int Ed 48:8970–8973
13. Pardoll DT (2002) Cells take aim at cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:15840–15842
9 Bioinspired Hierarchically Structured Polymer Interfaces …
Live-Dead Cell Staining. To test the cell viability after cell release, a fluorescent
live-dead staining assay was used to visualize the proportion of viable cells present
of released cells after 24 h. 4 μl FDA (10 mg ml
−1 ) and 50 μl PI (2 mg ml
−1 ) were
added in 5 ml PBS solution to prepare the assay solution. For the cell staining, the
cell medium was first removed, then the surface of culture plate was washed with
PBS solution twice. The assay solution (400 μl) was pipetted into each well cultured
with the released cells. After 15 min incubation in the dark, the staining solution was
removed, then the surface of cell culture plate was washed with PBS solution. The
labeled cells were then viewed under a fluorescence microscope (Axiovert 135, Carl
Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany).
References
1. Sekine J, Luo SC, Wang ST, Zhu B, Tseng HR, Yu HH (2011) Functionalized conducting
polymer nanodots for enhanced cell capturing: the synergistic effect of capture agents and
nanostructures. Adv Mater 23:4788–4792
2. Liu XL, Chen L, Liu HL, Yang G, Zhang PC, Han D, Wang ST, Jiang L (2013) Bio-inspired
soft polystyrene nanotube substrate for rapid and highly efficient breast cancer-cell capture.
NPG Asia Mater 5:e63
3. Liu MX, He R, Yang J, Zhao W, Zhou CR (2016) Stripe-like clay nanotubes patterns in glass
capillary tubes for capture of tumor cell. ACS Appl Mater Interf 8:7709–7719
4. Wang SQ, Wan Y, Liu YL (2014) Effects of nanopillar array diameter and spacing on cancer
cell capture and cell behaviors. Nanoscale 6:12482–12489
5. Liu HL, Li YY, Sun K, Fan JB, Zhang PC, Meng JX, Wang ST, Jiang L (2013) Dual-responsive
surfaces modified with phenylboronic acid-containing polymer brush to reversibly capture and
release cancer cells. J Am Chem Soc 135:7603–7609
6. Zhang NG, Deng YL, Tai QD, Cheng BR, Zhao LB, Shen QL, He RX, Hong LY, Liu W,
Guo SS, Liu K, Tseng HR, Xiong B, Zhao XZ (2012) Electrospun TiO 2 nanofiber-based cell
capture assay for detecting circulating tumor cells from colorectal and gastric cancer patients.
Adv Mater 24:2756–2760
7. Zhao YL, Fan ZY, Shen MW, Shi XY (2015) Hyaluronic acid-functionalized electrospun
polyvinyl alcohol/polyethyleneimine nanofibers for cancer cell capture applications. Adv Mater
Interf 2:1500256
8. Lee SK, Kim GS, Wu Y, Kim DJ, Lu Y, Kwak M, Han L, Hyung JH, Seol JK, Sander C, Gonzalez
A, Li J, Fan R (2012) Nanowire substrate-based laser scanning cytometry for quantitation of
circulating tumor cells. Nano Lett 12:2697–2704
9. Lv SW, Liu Y, Xie M, Wang J, Yan XW, Li Z, Dong WG, Huang WH (2016) Near-infrared
light-responsive hydrogel for specific recognition and photothermal site-release of circulating
tumor cell. ACS Nano 10:6201–6210
10. Zhang PC, Chen L, Xu TL, Liu HL, Liu XL, Meng JX, Yang G, Jiang L, Wang ST (2013)
Programmable fractal nanostructured interfaces for specific recognition and electrochemical
release of cancer cells. Adv Mater 25:3566–3570
11. Wang LY, Liu HL, Zhang FL, Li GN, Wang ST (2016) Smart thin hydrogel coating harnessing
hydrophobicity and topography to capture and release cancer cells. Small 12:4691–4701
12. Wang ST, Wang H, Jiao J, Chen KJ, Owens GE, Kamei KI, Sun J, Sherman DJ, Behrenbruch
CP, Wu H, Tseng HR (2009) Three-dimensional nanostructured substrates toward efficient
capture of circulating tumor cells. Angew Chem Int Ed 48:8970–8973
13. Pardoll DT (2002) Cells take aim at cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:15840–15842